With one foot in Europe and the other in Asia, Istanbul is a cultural capital with bustling markets, stunning royal palaces and minarets, and modern art and entertainment. Expats moving to Istanbul will experience a vibrant place where many traditions intermingle to form a city that captivates the senses. 

Living in Istanbul as an expat

Owing to the relatively high unemployment rate in Turkey, expats in Istanbul may discover that finding a job can be a challenge, as many sectors are unable to employ foreigners but must reserve jobs for locals. That said, English speakers can usually find employment in teaching positions or the tourism sector. 

There are plenty of options for accommodation in Istanbul on both the Asian and European sides of the city. While the European side tends to be pricier, the majority of expats in Istanbul live in this part of the city. That said, expats can find a home that suits their needs and budget on either bank of the Bosporus. When choosing an area and suburb in Istanbul, expats must be aware that some areas in the city are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes, so they should heed government safety warnings in the event of a quake. 

Istanbul has a lively nightlife, accentuated by some upmarket restaurants and even trendier nightclubs. There are also numerous modern shopping malls and markets to entice avid shoppers. Most notably, Istanbul is home to the Grand Bazaar, which boasts more than 4,000 shops and is surrounded by a maze of streets lined with even more shops.

Expats in Istanbul will hardly find themselves bored. The public transport system in Istanbul is efficient and highly affordable, making it easy to explore the city and its famed historic sites. There is also an abundance of nearby villages and towns that offer the chance for weekend escapes from the hustle and bustle of the city.

Cost of living in Istanbul

Compared to the rest of Turkey, the cost of living in Istanbul is expensive. Petrol prices are exceptionally high compared to Europe and the US, as is imported alcohol. In fact, most branded imported items will be costly due to high import duties. That said, for daily groceries, medical care and domestic help, Istanbul is cheaper than most Western countries.

Families and children in Istanbul

Education is another expense that expats with children will have to consider when moving to Turkey. Most expats choose to send their children to international schools, which generally offer a superior education to the local public schools in Istanbul, but this comes at a price.

Parents looking for a way to entertain their children in Istanbul will not have to look much further than the child-friendly interactive museums and science centres in the city. VIALAND Tema Park is perfect for a day of fun, and a trip to the Princes' Islands will get the whole family out and enjoying the sunshine. 

Climate in Istanbul

Expats in Istanbul will be blessed with the best of every season each year. They will not have to travel far to get to the ski slopes during the cold winters, and the city itself may be coated in a blanket of snow from time to time. Springs bring a riot of colour as the tulips bloom throughout the city during this time of the year, while summers are hot and humid and lead into mild autumns. 

Expats moving to Istanbul will discover a city exploding with culture and history. While they may experience some initial culture shock, they will also be met with welcoming locals and a lively lifestyle in this bustling metropolis. An effort to embrace the city with all its quirks will soon have expats calling Istanbul home.  

Newcomers might expect a temperate climate, but the city’s high humidity makes the weather in Istanbul feel more intense than the forecast suggests. Winters (December to February) are grey and damp, with a penetrating chill that seeps through even the heaviest coats. You should also prepare for the Lodos, a fierce southwesterly wind that frequently cancels ferry services and, according to local lore, causes severe headaches. Snow is a yearly lottery; some years see none, while others bring blizzards that turn the steep hills into ice slides and shut schools down.

Spring arrives in March, but it’s often still quite wet. The city truly transforms in April, when the annual Tulip Festival fills the parks and Judas trees brush the Bosphorus shores in violet. Summer heat arrives by June, and it traps in humidity that turns the concrete city into a steam bath. Air conditioning in Istanbul is not a luxury; it is essential for a good night’s sleep. Be aware that the humidity can cause mould issues in older apartments, so check corners carefully when house hunting.

Most locals agree that autumn (September to November) is the best season. If you are lucky, late October will bring a Pastrami Summer, a golden period of warm days and crisp evenings perfect for outdoor dining before the winter gloom settles in.

Istanbul sits at a crossroads of cultures and civilisations, an iconic Mediterranean city which bridges the continents of Europe and Asia. Originally founded as Byzantium in 657 BCE, the city blends both ancient history and progressive modernisation, making it a popular expat destination. It enjoys a storied history with periods of both Christian and Islamic influence, resulting in a melting pot of cultures, backgrounds and religions.

As with every city, there are ups and downs that come with living in Istanbul, so we've put together a list of pros and cons to moving to this Turkish city. 

Lifestyle in Istanbul

+ PRO: Rich in history

Because of its prime strategic position along the Bosporus River, Istanbul has been a hub of trade and industry throughout the centuries. Serving as the seat of power both for the Eastern Roman Empire and later the Ottoman Empire, history and culture pervade its buildings and peoples. Expats will marvel at the epic glory of the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, and be entranced by the magic of the Basilica Cistern. The Hippodrome of Constantinople harks back to ancient times, while the medieval stone Galata Tower in the old quarter dominates the skyline.

+ PRO: Fun in the sun

Beyond Istanbul's history, there are plenty of other attractions that make the city special. Among the most popular of these are the famed Bosporus cruises and yacht expeditions, a few of which travel far up the river to the Black Sea. A trip to the Princes’ Islands, a quick ferry ride away, is the perfect antidote for those tired of the hustle and bustle, with horses and bicycles the only permitted ways to get around these quiet and relaxed islands.

- CON: A few culture shocks

There are several culture shocks in Istanbul to be aware of. English is not widespread, so it might be wise to brush up on a few basic Turkish phrases. The city has a more relaxed approach to timekeeping than expats might be used to, and things tend to be less organised. Locals can be extremely friendly and engaging, to the point where some Westerners might see it as intrusive.

Cost of living in Istanbul

+ PRO: Quality of life isn’t detrimental on the wallet

It’s easy, and quite affordable, to enjoy a high quality of life in Istanbul, due to its relatively low cost of living. Supermarkets are good places to do grocery shopping, but expats in Istanbul will no doubt enjoy the quality ingredients and products found in the city’s famous covered markets, such as the Grand Bazaar. Restaurants and cafés in the low to middle tiers are relatively cheap and great value for money.

+ PRO: The choice is yours

Generally, accommodation is only slightly pricier on the European side of town than on the Asian side across the river. Apartments with two or more rooms are available with good facilities and utilities. Household costs are pleasantly affordable in regular Turkish neighbourhoods, while it’s far costlier to stay in expat compounds.

- CON: Paying for your sins

Because of high taxes, alcohol and cigarettes are quite expensive. Electronic goods are also on the pricey side, so expats should try to make sure they bring along whatever they may need.

Working in Istanbul

- CON: Challenging job market

Working in Istanbul as an expat can be quite challenging. While the city is the centre of international relations and employment in Turkey, the state restricts the hiring of foreigners in various fields. Legal, medicinal, veterinary, dental and pharmaceutical positions, among others, are not available to international workers. There is, however, a demand for teaching English as a foreign language, as well as English speakers in the tourism sector.

Education in Istanbul

+ PRO: Lots of international schools

There are numerous international schools in Istanbul, so expat families will enjoy a healthy choice. Most follow either the International Baccalaureate programme or the Council of International Schools system. Languages of instruction include English, French, Turkish and Russian.

- CON: Cost of private tuition

Tuition at these international institutions is high. Turkish state schools, on the other hand, are free and allow kids to mix with and befriend local children – but the language of instruction is Turkish.

Getting around in Istanbul

+ PRO: Good public transport

Public transport in Istanbul is pretty efficient and affordable. An Istanbulkart allows fare payment on services such as buses, ferries and trains.

+ PRO: Location, location, location

Istanbul sits on prime real estate when it comes to air travel. Situated on the doorstep of three continents, the city is but a quick hop from a vast array of destinations in Europe, Asia and Africa.

- CON: Terrible traffic

Traffic in Istanbul has been rated as among the worst in the world. Expats averse to using public transport can use taxis but, as in many major cities all over the world, drivers will often try to shortchange foreigners. BiTaksi is a useful ride-hailing app, with payment by card available, while Uber also operates in the city.

Weather in Istanbul

+ PRO: Something for everyone

Istanbul has distinct seasons, so expats won’t have to worry about prolonged periods of hot or cold weather. But the city is perhaps most enjoyable in spring and summer. This also means Istanbul's numerous historical attractions and museums are enjoyable come rain or shine.

Istanbul is a beast of a city – chaotic yet beautiful, and utterly confusing for the uninitiated. While the European side pulls in the crowds, the Asian side shouldn’t be ignored; it often wins on livability if the ferry commute fits your schedule.

Areas and suburbs in Istanbul

The city splits into 39 districts – 25 European, 14 Asian. From the relentless energy of the centre to sleepy Bosphorus villages, there is a corner for everyone, provided you know where to look.

Young professionals and singles who want to be close to their workplaces often head for the Beşiktaş district. Neighbourhoods like Arnavutköy, Ortaköy, and Levent are undeniably popular here, but rents can be eye watering. Beyoğlu – specifically Cihangir and Galata – is another expat stronghold, loved for its antique dealers and street life, although you’ll need strong legs for the hills.

Şişli sits right in the middle of the action. It hosts the posh, label-loving crowds of Teşvikiye and Nişantaşı, as well as the suit-and-tie hubs of Esentepe and Gayrettepe. Crucially, the metro links here are some of the best in the city.

Across the Bosphorus, Kadıköy has shed its sleepy reputation. Moda is now the city’s hipster heartland, teeming with third-wave coffee roasters and students. For actual peace and quiet, look further down the coast to Suadiye or Fenerbahçe.

Families with deeper pockets often head north to Sarıyer. It’s a different world up here, dominated by gated communities and villas, particularly in Zekeriyaköy near the Black Sea coast. It’s pricey, but you might snag a reasonably priced apartment if you have patience.

See the Best (and Worst) Areas and Suburbs in Istanbul for more detailed information on the city’s different neighbourhoods.

Types of accommodation in Istanbul

Options range from the modern site (gated complexes with gyms and pools) to the classic apartman – older, standalone buildings that make up the bulk of the city’s housing. Standalone villas are rare unless you venture to the northern suburbs or pay a fortune on the Bosphorus.

Long-term rentals are typically unfurnished, and in Turkey, that means bare bones. Don’t be surprised to find missing light fixtures or no white goods, although newer builds often include an oven and hob. If you can’t face equipping a flat from zero, look for eşyalı (furnished) listings, but be prepared to pay extra for the convenience.

Short-term rentals have been hit hard by 2024 legislation requiring 100 percent neighbour consent for Airbnb-style hosting. New regulations requiring unanimous neighbour consent have decimated the supply of casual holiday lets. What remains is often expensive or legally grey. Save yourself the headache and book a serviced apartment or hotel for your initial weeks.

Finding accommodation in Istanbul

Sahibinden and Hepsiemlak are the undisputed heavyweights of the property market. Move fast – good apartments vanish almost as soon as they hit the server. For a more informal route, Facebook groups like ‘Foreigners in Istanbul’ offer a steady stream of flatshares and direct from owner options.

You can rarely skip the estate agent (emlakçı). Most listings go through them, and they charge a standard commission of one month’s rent plus 20 percent VAT. While an added cost, a proactive agent often unlocks doors that remain closed to foreigners. Senior executives might prefer relocation companies, which handle the legwork and bypass the chaos of the open market.

Ignore distance; focus on time. A five-mile drive can be a breezy 20 minutes or a two-hour ordeal, depending on the route. Prioritise proximity to a metro station or ferry terminal above all else. A nearby Metrobus stop is also a huge asset.

Useful links

• Sahibinden (Real Estate)
• Hepsiemlak

Renting accommodation in Istanbul

Making an application

The rental market moves quickly. You’ll likely need your passport and potentially a tax number (Vergi Numarası) – which you can get online – to sign a contract. Many landlords now also ask for a credit score report (Findeks) or proof of income. Since rental agreements are almost exclusively in Turkish, having a Turkish speaker with you is necessary to ensure you aren’t agreeing to unfavourable terms.

Leases, fees and deposits

Leases generally run for one year and roll over automatically. As of July 2024, the government abolished the 25 percent rent cap; increases are now pegged to the 12-month average of the Consumer Price Index (TÜFE). Tenants must secure a notarised rental contract to apply for residency – if a landlord hesitates on this, walk away.

Landlords usually ask for a deposit (depozito) of one or two months’ rent. While the law mandates this money sit in a time deposit account, most landlords still hold it personally.

Terminating the lease

Tenants hold the cards here: you can end a lease with just 15 days’ written notice before the renewal date. Landlords face a tougher battle and generally cannot evict a tenant unless they sell the property, move in themselves, or the tenant has stayed for 10 years.

Read Accommodation in Turkey to learn more about national rental processes.

Utilities in Istanbul

Short-term lets usually bundle bills into the rent. For long-term leases, transferring utilities into your name is mandatory. The immigration office frequently demands a utility bill in the applicant’s name as proof of address for residence permits.

In modern complexes (site), central heating costs often appear on the monthly maintenance bill (aidat). Scrutinise the aidat (maintenance fee) before signing anything. In high-end complexes with pools and 24/7 security, this monthly charge can add a stinging premium to your housing costs.

Electricity and gas

CK Boğaziçi serves the European side, while Enerjisa covers the Asian shore. You won’t get connected without a valid DASK (earthquake insurance) policy – it is non-negotiable. Be prepared for a wait at the service centre, and bring a Turkish speaker if you want to leave with the lights on.

Water

İSKİ manages the mains supply. While officially safe to drink, the mains water tastes heavily of chlorine. Locals almost never drink it, preferring to order 19-litre damacana bottles via apps for daily consumption.

Bins and recycling

Waste management falls to the local municipality (Belediye). While the government pushes its ‘Zero Waste’ (Sıfır Atık) initiative with colour-coded street bins, the city’s informal waste pickers still do most of the heavy lifting. You will see them working their way up and down the hills with massive carts, collecting paper and plastic long before the municipal trucks arrive.

In many apartment blocks, the doorman (kapıcı) collects rubbish from your doorstep each evening. They often handle grocery runs and small repairs too. A tip or small gift during the holidays goes a long way, even if you don’t share a common language.

Useful links

• CK Boğaziçi (Electricity – Europe) and Enerjisa (Electricity – Asia)
• İGDAŞ (Gas)
• İSKİ (Water)
• Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality

The best places to live in Istanbul

You will find plenty of suitable areas and suburbs in Istanbul with appealing accommodation options for expats. Many expats live in gated apartment complexes made up of several blocks, or they choose houses in suburban gated communities known as siteler.

When choosing where to hang your hat, you need to weigh up your proximity to work against the school run. Access to basic amenities is another key factor. Traffic in Istanbul is the stuff of nightmares, so living near a metro station or ferry port can save you hours of frustration.

Here is the lowdown on Istanbul’s most popular areas and suburbs for expats.

Central Istanbul

Etiler, Ulus, Levent, Ortaköy

You can find these neighbourhoods in the Beşiktaş district on the European side, spread across the hills above the Bosphorus. Depending on the orientation of the property, you might score a home with incredible water views.

Shops and restaurants pack the central streets, so it is little wonder these neighbourhoods are a firm favourite with the international community. You have a wide choice of luxury housing here, from villas to apartments. Naturally, accommodation here commands a premium, so ensure your budget can stretch to meet it.

Nişantaşı, Teşvikiye, Esentepe, Gayrettepe and Mecidiyeköy

Nişantaşı and Teşvikiye sit in Şişli, a fashionable shopping district where you will find older apartment blocks, mostly without Bosphorus views. These spots usually attract the city’s elite and celebrities. By contrast, Esentepe and Gayrettepe are typical choices for business professionals and families. Gayrettepe is particularly convenient for frequent flyers as it hosts the starting point of the M11 airport metro line.

Students often live in Mecidiyeköy. While the area is chaotic and noisy, it is a major transport hub with connections to almost anywhere in the city.

Accommodation in Istanbul 
Working in Istanbul 
Schools in Istanbul

Bosphorus villages on the European side of Istanbul

Bebek, Kuruçeşme, Arnavutköy, Rumelihisarı

These are the more central Bosphorus neighbourhoods. If you have your heart set on the waterfront, you are looking at apartment living. Be prepared for high rents, as you are paying for one of the most prestigious locations in the city. The coastal road here is famously congested, so getting in and out by car effectively guarantees you will be late.

Emirgan, Yeniköy, Tarabya

Located in the Sarıyer district, Emirgan, Yeniköy, and Tarabya sit further north along the Bosphorus shore but are no less exclusive. You will find large waterfront villas, pretty tree-lined streets, and a distinct resort town vibe. Most waterfront housing is owner-occupied. If a rental does pop up, prepare for a price tag that makes your eyes water. That said, you can find several housing complexes in the hills above the coastal road with panoramic views of the Bosphorus minus the waterline premium.

Suburbs on the European side of Istanbul

Kemerburgaz and Göktürk

Kemerburgaz lies northwest of the centre. While it used to be a car-dependent commute, the M11 metro line now connects Kemerburgaz and neighbouring Göktürk to the business district of Gayrettepe in under 20 minutes. The area feels modern yet remains lush with foliage. You will find decent hospitals, supermarkets and shops right on your doorstep.

Many housing complexes and gated communities populate these suburbs. You might find this location ideal if you want to escape the city smog but need to stay within striking distance of the office.

Alkent 2000

Alkent 2000 is a sprawling, prestigious gated community roughly an hour’s drive west of the city centre. The estate boasts sporting facilities, supermarkets, and nearby malls. Although the commute to the centre is long, you are close to renowned private and international schools. It is a popular choice if you have school-going children, but otherwise, the distance from the city centre can feel isolating if you are used to an urban lifestyle.

Zekeriyaköy

Zekeriyaköy sits further north, bordering the Belgrad Forest and near the shores of the Black Sea. You can find large villas with gardens and pools here, often at a better value than in the city. The trade-off is distance; you are quite far from the action. While you have basic amenities locally, you will rely on the Hacıosman metro station (a short drive or bus ride away) or your car to reach the city centre.

Best Hospitals in Istanbul 
Best International Schools in Istanbul

Suburbs on the Asian side of Istanbul

Most expats live on the European side, but a thriving international community calls the Asian side home. You will find many apartments and complexes here, often set among more greenery and with a relaxed pace of life that the European side struggles to match.

Crossing the continents is part of daily life. You can hop on a scenic ferry or zoom under the Bosphorus on the Marmaray train. If you choose to brave the bridges by car, be warned: traffic is often gridlocked.

Central Kadıköy

Central Kadıköy is a lively, cosmopolitan hub and the beating heart of the Asian side. It is also the terminus for the M4 metro line and home to the famous Moda tram loop. Since the area sits on the Sea of Marmara, you can find sea-facing apartments at various price points. Despite the activity, many residents feel Kadıköy retains a neighbourhood soul that is harder to find in the European business districts.

Üsküdar

Üsküdar is an ancient district steeped in history. It is exceptionally well connected, with the Marmaray train taking you to the European side in mere minutes. While the centre is conservative with limited nightlife, the charming neighbourhood of Kuzguncuk offers a trendier, village-like atmosphere popular with artists and expats.

You will find the standard of private medical care in Istanbul rivals that of Europe and the US – often at a fraction of the cost. While public healthcare has made great strides in recent years, it still lags behind the private sector in terms of comfort and English-speaking staff.

With private facilities outnumbering public hospitals, the private route is the default for most international residents. Naturally, securing comprehensive health insurance should be near the top of your pre-arrival checklist.

Appointment schedules are generally respected, so you won’t be left languishing in a waiting room. This efficiency extends to emergency care; if you need immediate assistance, dial 112, the consolidated number for all emergency services. While public ambulances are reliable, check if your insurance covers private emergency transport for a quicker transfer.

You can spot a pharmacy (eczane) by its glowing red ‘E’ sign. While they generally close at 7pm and on Sundays, every neighbourhood has a designated ‘duty pharmacy’ (nöbetçi eczane) that remains open on a rotational basis. Note that Turkish regulations are strict; you cannot buy antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription.

Below is a list of some of the most prominent hospitals in Istanbul.

Hospitals in Istanbul

Acıbadem Maslak Hospital

Website: www.acibadem.com.tr 
Address: Büyükdere Cd. No:40, 34457 Sarıyer

Avicenna International Hospital

Website: www.avicennaint.com 
Address: Küçükbakkalköy, Kayışdağı Cd. No:47, 34750 Ataşehir

Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Website: www.hisarhospital.com 
Address: Saray, Site Yolu Cd No: 7, 34768 Ümraniye

Liv Hospital

Website: www.livhospital.com 
Address: Ulus Ahmet Adnan Saygun Cd, Canan Sk., 34340 Beşiktaş

Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital

Website: www.memorialhospitalsgroup.com 
Address: Adnan Kahveci Blv. No: 227, 34180 Bahçelievler

Memorial Şişli Hastanesi

Website: www.memorialhospitalsgroup.com 
Address: Piyalepaşa Blv., 34385 Şişli

When looking into education and schools in Istanbul, you will find that while expat parents are entitled to send their children to public schools for free, they will likely look for an international alternative. This choice is usually pragmatic; the state sector often struggles with overcrowding, and the strict Turkish-only curriculum makes it difficult for non-native speakers to adapt.

Public schools in Istanbul

Education in Turkey is compulsory and free for all children from primary through to secondary school, but quality varies wildly across the country. Istanbul’s public schools frequently burst at the seams; in the most congested districts, you might find fifty or sixty students packed into a single classroom.

Another problem expats face is the fact that Turkish is the exclusive medium of instruction, a policy that can leave older children floundering if they lack fluency. While the Ministry has launched integration initiatives, such as the Turkish Teaching Programme for Foreigners (YTÖP), full immersion remains a sink-or-swim reality for many. Most expat parents, therefore, decide that the private or international route is the only viable option.

See Education and Schools in Turkey for more on the national education system.

Useful links

• Istanbul Provincial Directorate of National Education
• e-Okul Parent Information System

Private schools in Istanbul

Private Turkish schools, known locally as kolej, occupy a distinct niche between the state system and international powerhouses. Adhering to the national curriculum, these establishments generally outshine their public counterparts with superior facilities and far more rigorous English instruction.

Many wealthy local families favour these institutions, so you should expect competition for places. Although the primary language of instruction is still Turkish, prestigious private colleges often run bilingual programmes. This dual focus offers a pragmatic compromise if you envision a long-term future in Turkey and want your children to integrate fully into local society.

International schools in Istanbul

International schools in Istanbul cater for a diverse community and offer various global curricula, including the International Baccalaureate (IB), British, and American systems. These schools typically give Turkish language lessons and have field trips and cultural activities to help your children integrate into local society.

Fees at these institutions are notoriously high. Parents should also budget for significant additional expenses, such as uniforms, textbooks, extracurricular activities, and bus services. If you are relocating as part of a corporate package, it is worth negotiating for a schooling allowance before you arrive.

Enrolment space at international schools can be limited, so expat parents need to apply early, particularly for primary school grades. Most institutions publish admission requirements online, so you can start the process from abroad. Prioritising this step is essential when organising your relocation.

Read International Schools in Istanbul for more information on the top schools in the city.

Special educational needs in Istanbul

Government policy dictates that children with special needs should attend standard classes alongside their peers whenever possible. In practice, however, public resources are often stretched way too thin.

Some international schools in Istanbul provide support for special educational needs (SEN). Some schools only accommodate mild learning differences, but others maintain dedicated departments for children with really challenging educational needs. Contact individual schools directly to discuss your child’s specific profile before applying.

For those entering the local system, Guidance and Research Centres (Rehberlik ve Araştırma Merkezleri or RAM) evaluate a student’s physical, developmental, and academic capabilities to recommend appropriate schooling. Prominent dedicated facilities in the city include the HAYPADER Special Education Practice School and the Gülseren Özdemir Special Education Application School, which is the largest of its kind in the country.

Useful links

• General Directorate of Special Education and Guidance Services
• Special Children Education and Solidarity Association (ÖÇED)

Tutors in Istanbul

Intense competition for elite high school and university placements drives a massive private tutoring industry in Istanbul. Supplemental instruction is the norm rather than the exception for local students, so you will find no shortage of options.

The most exclusive route is one-to-one tuition, typically provided by university students or retired teachers. Rates for experienced tutors who guarantee results can be substantial. Alternatively, some schools organise after-hours support programmes, often run by volunteer teachers.

The most common form of local support is the private tuition centre. Formerly known as dershaneler, these institutions now largely operate as ‘Special Instruction Courses’ (Özel Öğretim Kursları). These centres function similarly to private schools; they provide professional instruction and use regular testing to stream students by ability. While they focus heavily on Turkish national exams, some larger centres also offer preparation for international standardised tests.

Useful links

• IB Tutors Turkey
• TutorsPlus
• Varsity Tutors Istanbul
• TeacherOn Istanbul

Finding the right fit among the international schools in Istanbul is likely at the top of the to-do list for expat parents moving to Turkey with children. These private institutions generally offer curricula from the UK, the US, or Canada, or the International Baccalaureate (IB). Classes are taught primarily in English, which grants expat children the chance to learn in a familiar environment.

This continuity eases the transition into life in Turkey. It is particularly valuable if you are only in the country for a short stint. You will find that while the Turkish state school system is an option, the language barrier and curriculum differences often make international schools the most practical choice for globally mobile families. Note that under Ministry of National Education (MEB) regulations, enrolment at these specific institutions is often strictly limited to holders of non-Turkish passports.

Be prepared for the fact that tuition fees at international schools in Istanbul are substantial. You must scrutinise your budget to ensure it can stretch to cover not just the base fees, but also significant extras. It is common to pay additional levies for capital projects, textbooks, uniforms, and school lunches. These fees are often pegged to hard currency to hedge against local inflation.

Crucially, expat parents must factor in the cost of the servis (school bus). Given Istanbul’s legendary traffic, this is less a convenience and more a logistical necessity. Despite the steep costs, most parents feel that the high standard of teaching and the transferability of the curriculum make the investment worthwhile.

When choosing a school, geography should be your primary filter. Commuting from the Asian side to a school on the European side during peak hours can easily turn into a two-hour ordeal each way. Secure a school placement before finalising your housing to avoid spending hours in gridlock every day.

To assist with the search, here is a list of some of the most prominent international schools in Istanbul.

International schools in Istanbul

British International School (BIS)

BIS caters to a community of around 750 students and offers a modified English National Curriculum paired with the IGCSE and the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. The student body represents over 55 nationalities. To accommodate different age groups and locations, the school operates two campuses: the City Campus in Etiler for younger children and the larger Forest Campus in Zekeriyaköy, which serves all ages. The average class size of 12 ensures your child receives individualised attention.

Gender: Co-educational 
Curriculum: British (English National Curriculum and Cambridge IGCSE) and International Baccalaureate 
Ages: 2.5 to 18 
Website: www.bis.k12.tr

Istanbul International Community School (IICS)

Established in 1911, IICS holds the distinction of being one of the oldest international schools in the region. It is authorised to offer the full International Baccalaureate continuum (PYP, MYP, and DP). The administration maintains a purely international demographic by strictly limiting enrolment to holders of non-Turkish passports. Families can choose between the historic Hisar Campus near the Bosphorus (Early Years to Grade 3) and the purpose-built Marmara Campus on the outskirts of the city (Early Years to Grade 12).

Gender: Co-educational 
Curriculum: International Baccalaureate (PYP, MYP, and DP) 
Ages: 3 to 18 
Website: www.iics.k12.tr

Istanbul International School (IIS)

Located in the leafy district of Çamlıca on the Asian side, IIS is a strong contender if you live east of the Bosphorus. The school prides itself on a close-knit, multicultural community that serves as a gentle alternative to the city’s larger institutions. It follows the Cambridge International curriculum from Primary through to A Levels. This student-centred approach ensures your child is well prepared for university, whether in Turkey or abroad.

Gender: Co-educational 
Curriculum: British (English National Curriculum, Cambridge IGCSE, and A Levels) 
Ages: 4 to 18 
Website: www.istanbulint.com

Keystone International School (KIS)

With a boutique student body of around 250, Keystone offers an intimate environment. It distinguishes itself as a Canadian offshore school and strictly follows the curriculum of Prince Edward Island (PEI). The school operates primarily on the Asian side (Üsküdar and Dragos), which makes it a key option for families in those neighbourhoods. Their ‘head, heart, and hands’ philosophy aims to nurture self-disciplined, independent global citizens.

Gender: Co-educational 
Curriculum: Canadian (Prince Edward Island) 
Ages: 3 to 18 
Website: www.keystoneschools.com.tr

Istanbul offers expats a wonderful lifestyle that is novel yet familiar and full of comforts, surprises and delights. The lifestyle in Istanbul is a culturally fascinating experience with unique leisure options for just about anyone. Expats can indulge in Ottoman restaurants, an abundance of bazaars and shopping opportunities, as well as a vibrant nightlife, world-class sporting facilities and Istanbul's famed Turkish baths.

Shopping in Istanbul

New arrivals will find a shopping landscape characterised by a hodgepodge of modern, antique, unique and kitsch buys.

The Grand Bazaar is an excellent starting point. Other famous shopping markets include the Egyptian Market, also known as the Spice Bazaar, and the Beyazıt Square flea market, which can both be treasure troves when it comes to bargains.

Otherwise, Nuruosmaniye Caddesi is known for its exquisite jewellery, while its adjacent side streets are home to many art boutiques and independent stores. Antique lovers would do well to visit Çukurcuma Cadessi, which is home to some of Istanbul's best antique and vintage stores. Expats with a few bucks to spare should look no further than Abdi İpekçi Caddesi, which is home to many international luxury brands and is considered Istanbul's premier shopping street.

Eating out in Istanbul

Turkish cuisine is a combination of fantastic variety and bold flavours. It flaunts Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, Central Asian, Western and Balkan influences. The cuisine varies from region to region depending on the produce available.

Eating out in Turkey is a social event, and families and friends often come together over a meal. Meals at local restaurants tend to offer good value. Expats can also find good deals in establishments that don't serve alcohol, but as in many other cities, restaurant prices in Istanbul increase significantly in the main tourist areas.

In Turkey, breakfast is the main meal of the day. A typical breakfast in Turkey typically consists of fresh bread, cheese, cold meats, yoghurt, honey, olives, eggs and fruit. Expats who are coffee lovers should also enjoy a cup of Turkish coffee. Other popular food items are pede, kebabs and baklava.

Nightlife in Istanbul

There are many bars and nightclubs in Istanbul. The more distinctive spots are the open-air clubs near the Bosphorus, which are only open in the summer. With everything from belly dancers to cutting-edge techno beats, those who enjoy a good party will be thrilled to discover Istanbul's dynamic nightlife as trendy clubs, bars and cocktail lounges abound.

Arts and culture in Istanbul

Expats can indulge in a wide variety of cultural activities in Istanbul. The city offers a comprehensive programme of concerts, ballet and opera. There are also concerts held at the time-worn Hagia Irene, which is a Byzantine church that has been reopened for cultural events.

Rock bands occasionally visit Istanbul, and there are regular jazz performances at clubs. There is, of course, no lack of Turkish culture, including Turkish popular music and whirling dervish shows.

Istanbul also has several cinemas, which are found mainly in malls. The latest English films are shown with only a slight delay from their original release dates. All movies are shown in their original language with Turkish subtitles.

Sports and outdoor activities in Istanbul

The city presents many options for leisure and sporting activities. Football is enormously popular in Turkey, and Istanbul hosts Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray, fierce rivals and the country's most celebrated football clubs.

In terms of exercise, there are many swimming pools and tennis courts around the city, and gyms are widely available. There are also some golf and country clubs for expats to join.

Where to meet people and make friends in Istanbul

Meeting people in a new city can be one of the more stressful experiences of relocating. Below are a few suggestions for expats looking to make friends and integrate into their new communities.

International Women of Istanbul

The International Women of Istanbul (IWI) is a non-profit organisation for expat women living in and around Turkey. The organisation allows women to participate in charitable volunteer events and also arranges business networking opportunities for professional expat women. 

Istanbul&I

Parents looking to ensure their teens make friends and assimilate into their new community should look no further than Istanbul&I. This non-profit organisation aims to impact the local community while bringing youth together through volunteering. Istanbul&I is currently home to more than 2,000 volunteers of over 40 nationalities.

Speech Bubbles Theatre Group

Singing, dance and theatre enthusiasts will feel right at home making friends with like-minded individuals in the Speech Bubbles theatre group. An expat started the group as a way to teach English through drama, and has since evolved into a multicultural group of volunteers that stage an annual musical production to raise money for education and children's charities. Speech Bubbles also serves as a creative art performing school. 

Istanbul Expat Runners

Expats looking to smash their fitness goals while building strong relationships with others who share similar interests can join Istanbul Expat Runners. This running club hosts weekly trail runs in the Belgrad Forest and encourages expats to find running buddies in their local neighbourhoods.

The city’s rhythm tends to swallow up your first few months in Istanbul. Eventually though, the novelty wears off. Once you settle into ‘real life’, you might find yourself needing a break from the concrete.

Here are several options for weekend adventures out of Istanbul, most of which require only a few hours on the road.

Edirne

Edirne makes for an easy day trip, located just two and a half hours west near the Greek and Bulgarian borders. This former Ottoman capital is home to the Selimiye Mosque, Mimar Sinan’s architectural masterpiece. The easiest and cheapest way to reach Edirne from Istanbul is to take a bus. Foodies should hunt down the city’s famous pan-fried liver (tava ciğer) before heading home.

Gallipoli and Troy

The Gallipoli peninsula juts out from the Thracian mainland between the Gulf of Saros and the Dardanelles, about four hours southwest of Istanbul. Although the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge has simplified the drive, many expats still opt for coach tours to save energy. Crowds gather on Anzac Day to visit the World War I battlefields. Just across the water is Troy, a UNESCO site that recently added the award-winning Troy Museum to its attractions.

Polonezköy

Historically known as Adampol, Polonezköy is a forested hideout in the Beykoz district on the Asian side. Istanbulites flock here during the humid summer months to cool off under the trees. Village restaurants serve massive Turkish breakfasts alongside traditional Polish meals, although you can also find guesthouses if you want to stay overnight.

Sapanca Lake

Sapanca Lake (Sapanca Gölü) is located to the east and draws crowds looking for a quick nature fix. It is only a couple of hours from the Asian side, so families often head here for fresh air and lakeside breakfasts. Driving offers the most flexibility, but you can also catch the High Speed Train (YHT) to the nearby Arifiye station. While doable as a day trip, the area’s many wellness hotels are worth a full weekend.

Skiing in Kartepe

Kartepe is the closest ski slope to Istanbul – just a two-hour drive away. It works for a quick snow fix, but serious skiers might find the small resort and limited lifts underwhelming compared to European standards. The road up the mountain also frequently gridlocks on winter weekends. For better runs, try Uludağ further east, although you will likely need a two- or three-day trip to make the journey worth it.

Bursa and Iznik

Bursa is about 12.5 miles (20km) inland from the Sea of Marmara. The Osman Gazi Bridge has slashed driving times, yet many travellers still prefer the relaxing fast ferry (IDO or BUDO) crossing. This former Ottoman capital is famous for the Grand Mosque and the historic silk market. Nearby Iznik, on the eastern shore of its namesake lake, produced the empire’s celebrated glazed tiles. There is enough to see in this region to fill a solid two- or three-day itinerary.

The Princes’ Islands (Adaları)

The Princes’ Islands are a chain of nine islands in the Sea of Marmara, just a short ferry ride from the mainland. Private fuel-based vehicles are banned here, so the streets are surprisingly quiet. Electric buses and taxis recently replaced the traditional horse-drawn carriages, but cycling is still the best way to explore the pine forests and old villas.

You’ll notice immediately that kids in Istanbul are adored by the locals. If you’re moving here with little ones, the city doesn’t disappoint: you have access to everything from interactive technology centres to ancient historical sites. Between the various parks, coastal resorts, and nearby islands, your weekends will fill up quickly.

That said, the city isn’t without its headaches. Istanbul can be tough on parents with toddlers. Narrow streets and gridlocked traffic are standard, and many pavements lack ramps. Pushing a pram through the crowds is often a workout in itself, although the municipality is slowly upgrading the streets to make them more accessible.

Entertainment for kids in Istanbul

You won’t struggle to find entertainment for your kids in Istanbul, whether you want intense rides or just some fresh air away from the concrete.

Isfanbul Theme Park (formerly VIALAND)

Isfanbul Theme Park in Eyüp is a firm favourite for family outings. The amusement park pairs enchanted castles for toddlers with serious rollercoasters for teenagers. Parents can walk down ‘Once Upon a Time in Istanbul’, a retro street that recreates the city’s 80s and 90s atmosphere – an ideal spot for a Turkish coffee while the kids run riot.

Ferry trip to the Princes’ Islands

A ferry trip to the Princes’ Islands puts plenty of distance between you and the city noise. Sitting in the Sea of Marmara near the Asian side, these islands enforce a strict ban on fuel-powered cars, leaving the streets safe and open. Electric buses replaced the traditional horse-drawn carriages in 2020, but you can still hire a bicycle or just walk to explore the pine forests and Victorian-era architecture.

Kid-friendly museums in Istanbul

Culture isn’t just for adults here; there are plenty of kid-friendly museums in Istanbul that manage to entertain younger minds without boring the parents.

The Istanbul Toy Museum

The Istanbul Toy Museum sits in a wooden mansion in the Göztepe neighbourhood on the Asian side. Founded by the poet Sunay Akın, this collection packs in over 4,000 antique toys from around the globe. It appeals to the parents’ sense of nostalgia as much as the children’s curiosity.

Miniatürk

Miniatürk lets you tour the whole country in an afternoon through its open-air collection of scale models. It sits on the northeastern shore of the Golden Horn and stays open around the year. Beyond the miniature historic structures, the park features a life-sized chessboard and a labyrinth. There is also a playground, which helps when the children need to burn off energy after the history lesson.

Rahmi M Koç Museum

Dedicated to the history of transport and industry, the Rahmi M Koç Museum is situated on the banks of the Golden Horn. It encourages hands-on interaction; children can climb into vintage cars or sit in an aeroplane cockpit. The museum also runs real-life scientific experiments, so you can sneak some education into your day out.

Istanbul Modern

Istanbul Modern, housed in a distinctive Renzo Piano-designed building on the Karaköy waterfront, displays a massive collection of contemporary art. While galleries can sometimes drag for younger visitors, this one features interactive areas and workshops for various age groups. They can learn about artistic concepts through play while parents admire the permanent collections.

Turkey’s largest city feels less like a city and more like a time capsule cracked open, and there is an endless array of things to see and do in Istanbul. Finding your bearings here is half the fun, and expats can spend weekends soaking up the local atmosphere and getting to grips with their new home.

The city is packed with landmarks, but many of the heavy hitters – like the Blue Mosque and Topkapı Palace – cluster in the Sultanahmet district. You can easily walk between them. A tip for the history buffs: consider a Museum Pass to skip the ticket queues, but be warned, it doesn’t cover every single site.

Attractions in Istanbul

Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmet Camii)

The Blue Mosque defines the city’s silhouette. It is still a functioning place of worship and a masterclass in Ottoman architecture. You’ll need to visit outside prayer times, but keep the dress code in mind. Women need headscarves, and everyone leaves their shoes at the door.

Topkapı Palace Museum

The Topkapı Palace Museum looks out over the Bosphorus Strait and the Golden Horn. It was the seat of the Ottoman Empire for nearly four centuries. At its peak, it housed around 4,000 people. You should tour the royal apartments, but check if your ticket includes the Harem section. It is often a separate add-on. These rooms reveal the empire’s former opulence.

Hagia Sophia

The Hagia Sophia’s sheer scale makes it the city’s architectural anchor. Built as a cathedral in the 6th century, it was Christendom’s most important church for 900 years until Mehmet II conquered the city in 1453. After a stint as a museum, it became a mosque again in 2020. You can still visit the upper galleries as a tourist (for a fee), while the ground floor is reserved for worship.

Grand Bazaar (Kapalı Çarşı)

The Grand Bazaar holds the title of the world’s oldest and largest covered market. It is a maze of roughly 60 streets packed with over 4,000 shops, teahouses, hamams (Turkish baths), storehouses, mosques and fountains. Crucially for anyone planning a weekend trip, the bazaar is closed on Sundays.

Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts

Grand Vizier Ibrahim Pasha’s 16th-century palace houses this museum, directly facing the Hippodrome. Inside, you can view 40,000 examples of Seljuk, Mamluk, and Ottoman art. The antique carpet and kilim collection is particularly extensive.

Sunken Palace (Basilica Cistern)

Emperor Justinian I built this subterranean cavern in 532 CE, using 336 marble columns to hold up the ceiling. You might know it from the James Bond film From Russia with Love. Following a recent restoration, you can walk the raised platforms above the carp-filled waters to see the famous Medusa head bases.

Galata Tower

You get a 360-degree panorama of the historic peninsula from the 220-foot (67m) Galata Tower, erected in the 14th century as part of the Genoese fortifications. Museum exhibits have replaced the top-floor restaurant, but lively cafés line the square at the tower’s base.

Dolmabahçe Palace

The Dolmabahçe Palace was the empire’s main administrative centre in its final century. It ranks among the most opulent palaces in the world, with Baccarat crystal and gold leaf covering the interiors. It now operates as a museum where you can tour the ceremonial halls and the harem quarters.

Getting around Istanbul requires a strategic choice between the often gridlocked highways and the city’s impressive rail and sea network. Many expats living in Istanbul’s outlying suburbs do have cars, but if you reside centrally, public transport is usually the faster and cheaper option.

Public transport in Istanbul

Public transport in Istanbul consists of a transit web that includes buses, metros, trams, funiculars, and ferries. Frequent travellers need an Istanbulkart, an RFID smart card available at kiosks and major stops. Alternatively, you can download the Istanbul Senin super app to pay via QR code and access the city’s free IBB WiFi network on the go.

Trams

Trams in Istanbul act as connectors, and the T1 line is the city’s main artery. It threads through Sultanahmet and across the Galata Bridge. There are some newer additions, such as the T5 along the Golden Horn and the T6 coastal line. While the modern fleet is fully accessible, the nostalgic red trams (T2 on Istiklal, T3 in Kadıköy) are heritage rides best suited for a leisurely pace.

Buses

Buses in Istanbul are the workhorses of the transit system, and they cover every corner of the metropolis. Fares are cheap and service is reliable, although you should expect heavy crowding during peak hours. The Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) now provides free WiFi on thousands of buses via the ‘Istanbul Senin’ app. Central routes are frequent, but bus service gets more spotty in the outer suburbs.

Gridlock is the bus network’s Achilles’ heel, often bringing standard lines to a standstill. The Metrobus system is the exception. These rapid transit vehicles run 24/7in dedicated lanes. They speed past the jammed E-5 highway to connect the European and Asian sides.

Metro

The metro in Istanbul has grown rapidly, now spanning 11 lines and over 150 stations. The M11 line connects Gayrettepe to Istanbul Airport (IST), while the M4 runs all the way to Sabiha Gökçen (SAW) on the Asian side. On Friday and Saturday nights, major lines operate 24 hours. The Marmaray commuter rail is distinct, plunging under the Bosphorus to link the continents in just four minutes.

Dolmuş

The dolmuş in Istanbul is a yellow shared taxi that runs on fixed routes and departs only when every seat is taken (dolmuş translates to ‘stuffed’). They fill the niche between a private cab and a public bus. You flag them down from the kerb and pay in cash. Money is handed from passenger to passenger from the back of the bus until it reaches the driver.

Ferries

Regular ferry services in Istanbul offer a relaxing and scenic way to cross the Bosphorus. You can pay using your Istanbulkart, just like on the metro or bus. While not as frequent as land-based transport, ferries are an iconic part of Istanbul life. Services range from the charming, traditional Vapurlar (steamboats) to the faster Deniz Otobüsleri (sea buses/catamarans).

Useful links

• IETT (General Transit Authority)
• Metro Istanbul
• Şehir Hatları (City Lines Ferries)

Taxis in Istanbul

Taxis in Istanbul are predominantly yellow (C type), metered, and reasonably priced. For a more comfortable ride, you can opt for the slightly more expensive turquoise (D type) or luxury black (E type) taxis. While affordable, costs can accumulate for daily commuters, and language barriers are common as few drivers speak fluent English. Carrying your destination address written in Turkish is always a good strategy.

Scams, such as taking long routes or overcharging, can happen. Using ride-hailing apps like BiTaksi or Uber is the best way to avoid this. Note that in Turkey, Uber primarily acts as a gateway to hail standard yellow or turquoise taxis rather than private vehicles. These apps are indispensable for handling payment via credit card and overcoming language barriers by setting destinations in advance.

Water taxi

The municipality operates a 24/7 water taxi in Istanbul. You can book these via the ‘İBB Deniz Taksi’ app. Fares are fixed based on distance rather than the number of passengers, making this a premium but efficient option for skipping bridge traffic.

Useful links

• Uber Turkey
• IBB Sea Taxi

Driving in Istanbul

While the network of highways is extensive, driving in Istanbul involves narrow, steep, and often congested streets. To use the motorways and bridges, cars must be equipped with an HGS (Fast Transit Pass) system for automatic toll payment. Local driving habits can be aggressive, so new arrivals should remain alert and defensive behind the wheel.

Istanbul consistently ranks among the most congested cities in the world. Traffic is dense, yet fairly regulated in central areas. Parking is generally manageable, and you can access municipal ISPARK lots and garages throughout the city.

Driver’s licences

You can use your foreign driver’s licence in Istanbul for up to six months. If you stay longer, you must convert your licence to a Turkish one. To drive legally during those first six months, it is highly recommended to carry a notarised Turkish translation of your licence alongside the original document, especially if your licence is not in the Latin alphabet.

Transport and Driving in Turkey

Cycling in Istanbul

Cycling in Istanbul is growing in popularity, although the city’s hilly topography and heavy traffic can make it challenging for commuters. The municipality operates the Isbike smart bicycle sharing system, with docking stations located mostly along the coastline and in parks. You can rent these using a credit card via the Isbike mobile app or at station kiosks.

There are dedicated cycle paths alongside the seaside promenades, particularly the Caddebostan coast on the Asian side and Kennedy Avenue on the European side. Bicycles are also permitted on ferries and the metro (outside peak hours). Using a bike for daily commuting inland is less common due to the steep inclines and the lack of separated lanes.

Useful links

• Isbike

Walking in Istanbul

Walking in Istanbul is often the best way to sightsee in historic districts like Sultanahmet, Beyoğlu, and the trendy Moda neighbourhood in Kadıköy. Many key sights are clustered close together, and pedestrianised zones – such as Istiklal Avenue and the squares surrounding the Blue Mosque – make walking pleasant.

Be prepared for physical exertion. The city is built on seven hills, and there are a lot of steep cobblestone streets and staircases.