Not only is shipping one of the major industries in Greece, but the Mediterranean is one of the busiest shipping areas in the world. It follows that there are literally hundreds of companies competing for customers, and shipping items to and from Greece should be fairly inexpensive for expats.

The mountainous territory in northern Greece means road and rail access is somewhat limited, and shipping by sea is still generally the best option. That said, it pays to shop around to see what’s on the market. Air freight is also an option. Although pricier than other types of shipping, it’s the fastest way of getting personal belongings from point A to B.

Shipping household goods to Greece

If you’re moving to Greece from elsewhere in the EU, you can bring your personal belongings into the country duty-free, while non-EU expats will be liable to pay customs on certain items.

You will have to make a detailed inventory of the contents of the shipping container before the journey. Once the shipment arrives, customs officials will check the inventory list against the container contents. Shipping companies can assist with putting together the inventory list and sorting out any other documentation requirements.

Shipping pets to Greece

If you’re planning to ship your pet to Greece, you’ll need to ensure you have all the required documents. Pets must have an ISO-compliant microchip, a valid rabies vaccination certificate, and an official veterinary health certificate issued within 10 days of travel. The microchip must be implanted before the rabies vaccine is administered.

Certain dog breeds, such as Pit Bull Terriers and Rottweilers, may face restrictions or bans, so it’s important to check the latest regulations before making arrangements. While most pets can enter Greece without quarantine if they meet vaccination and documentation requirements, those arriving from high-risk rabies countries may be subject to quarantine upon arrival.

Pets must travel with their owner or at least five days after the owner. To avoid delays or complications, expats should work with a reputable pet relocation service and check with Greek authorities for the most up-to-date rules.

Safety in Greece is typically not a dominating concern for most expats moving to the country. Greece is largely considered safe and peaceful. Still, strikes and petty crime are potential issues in problem areas. While most expats will be safe most of the time, it is always better to be aware and prepared.

Strikes in Greece

In the past, strikes have been fairly frequent in Greece. The government’s unpopular austerity measures during the last few years’ economic crises resulted in large-scale protest action. Now that Greece is regaining economic stability, protests are generally less frequent. That said, they do occur from time to time in response to political issues.

That said, most protests in Greece are peaceful and are announced ahead of time. They are mostly in Athens or, to a lesser extent, other major cities such as Thessaloniki. In Athens, most demonstrations occur in Syntagma Square and around university campuses. In Thessaloniki, protests are most likely to occur around Aristotle University and at Aristotle Square.

In most cases, protests are restricted to these areas, and locations associated with tourism remain unaffected. While there generally isn’t any major cause for concern, there is always a risk of demonstrations turning violent, and foreign governments strongly advise their citizens to avoid them.

The most likely consequences of protests in Greece are disruptions of transport and work stoppages in the sectors involved. At times, certain city sections may be closed off to the public.

In the case of transport sector strikes, travel may become more expensive and difficult since expats using public transport will have to use alternative transport, such as taxis.

Crime in Greece

As with anywhere, if you are alert and careful, you should be safe in Greece. In Athens, crime is mostly restricted to petty theft, such as purse snatching and pickpocketing, while violent crimes, such as physical and sexual assault, are generally rare.

Most crime is likely to occur in areas popular with tourists, some shopping areas and on public transport – particularly the metro. The same largely holds true for other major cities.

Safety tips for expats in Greece

You should be particularly vigilant when walking through crowded areas or taking public transport. Criminals often work in groups and employ various methods.

Thieves have also been known to take trains coming from the Athens airport to take advantage of tired travellers. Given the large number of people travelling in Greece, expats may be mistaken for tourists, and criminals may attempt to take advantage of them.

Emergency numbers in Greece

As with other EU states, the emergency telephone number in Greece is 112. Below are other local numbers that can be used in case of emergencies:

• Police: 100
• Fire brigade: 199
• Emergency medical service: 166
• Coast guard: 108
• Tourist police: 171

Greece may be a European country with familiar facilities and social structures, but expats may still need some time to adjust to the local culture here.

It is a country of rich traditions and ancient history, while also boasting beautiful beaches and plenty of sunshine. Greek characteristics have been shaped by a fascinating blend of the ancient and the modern, as well as the country’s long history as a crossroads between East and West.

Language barriers in Greece

Many consider Greek to be a tricky language to learn. There are differences between spoken and written Greek, as well as between regional idioms. The language also uses inflexions, where the meanings of words change depending on the tone. As a result, during the first stages of learning Greek, you can expect some confusing exchanges.

Generally, locals are accepting of foreigners who don’t speak Greek. At the same time, Greeks are extremely proud of their language, and rightly so: it is one of the oldest in the world and has made significant contributions to the English language. If you intend on staying, you would do well to learn the language – not only does it create more possibilities for employment, but it is also the best way to integrate into Greek society.

Food in Greece

Food and drink are important in Greece, serving as the gathering point for socialising. Locals spend hours at coffee shops when they can, but this is typically less about the coffee itself and more about spending time with friends or family.

Even in the toughest times, Greek people are fantastic hosts who provide their guests with everything they can. Expats who enjoy this privilege should always bring a gift for the host, such as wine or flowers. They should also be prepared to eat whatever is in front of them – it is considered rude to turn down food.

Time in Greece

It is often said that Greek people would rather relax than rush through their daily routines. Time in Greece seems to move more slowly. Statistics show that the average Greek employee works more hours a year than most Europeans, but this fact doesn’t affect the value Greeks place on enjoying life’s simple pleasures. Being half an hour late for a social gathering is normal and even expected, but expats should try to be on time for business appointments.

Women in Greece

Women in Greece experience a mix of traditional and modern societal expectations, with noticeable gender disparities in the workplace and public life. While legal protections exist, the gender wage gap remains a concern, with women earning significantly less than men for similar roles.

In the workplace, women are underrepresented in leadership positions, and balancing career and family responsibilities frequently falls disproportionately on them. That said, Greece is largely a safe country for expat women, and many feel comfortable walking alone, especially in major cities and tourist areas.

Still, women may occasionally experience harassment on the street. As in any destination, exercising caution and following local customs can enhance personal safety and your overall experience in Greece.

LGBTQ+ in Greece

Greece has made significant progress in LGBTQ+ rights in recent years and is considered one of the more LGBTQ+-friendly countries in southeastern Europe. Same-sex civil partnerships have been legal since 2015, and in 2024, Greece became the first Orthodox Christian-majority country to legalise same-sex marriage and adoption.

Athens and Thessaloniki have thriving LGBTQ+ communities, with vibrant Pride events and a growing number of inclusive spaces. While younger generations and urban areas tend to be more accepting, social attitudes can still be conservative, particularly in rural areas. Public displays of affection between same-sex couples are generally tolerated in major cities, but we recommend avoiding these in more traditional or religious areas.

Greece is an incredibly beautiful place to live, with plenty to explore and enjoy, from ancient historical sites to black sand beaches. The quality of life is high, and if you are earning above the average salary, you can live a relatively lavish life in this Mediterranean country.

That said, there are also negative aspects to life in Greece that you should be aware of before taking the plunge. We’ve put together a list of pros and cons for moving to Greece to help expats prepare for what to expect when arriving in their new home.

Accommodation in Greece

+ PRO: There are plenty of rental options available

Depending on where in the country you decide to live, the range of choices may differ. While villas and apartment blocks are common in the cities, stone farmhouses are popular in the countryside.

Freestanding and semi-detached houses and cottages are also found throughout the country. With so many options available, you shouldn’t struggle to find accommodation that will suit your budget.

- CON: Accommodation varies in quality

You should visit the property and consider the condition and age of the structure before committing to it. Especially when buying, unexpected renovation and restoration costs could ensue if you unknowingly buy a run-down property.

Finding Accommodation in Greece

Cost of living in Greece

+ PRO: Greece is generally affordable

Although costs vary throughout the country, with the mainland typically being cheaper than the islands, Greece has a relatively low cost of living. It is more affordable overall than its Western European neighbours and the US. Transport, fuel and basic goods are all reasonably priced.

- CON: Tourist areas are expensive

While the cost of living in Greece may be relatively low, prices are hiked up in the main tourist areas to take advantage of the seasonal visitors. Choosing a lesser-known island or city to live in will certainly yield cheaper prices for almost everything, from accommodation to food.

Cost of Living in Greece 
Transport and Driving in Greece

Working in Greece

- CON: It can be hard to find a job

Expats without a job in hand may struggle to find employment in Greece. While Greece’s unemployment rate may be declining, it is still rather high. When hiring an expat, companies usually also prefer to hire an EU expat, as the paperwork involved in hiring non-EU expats is immense. While speaking Greek can assist expats in looking for a job, it will not guarantee employment.

Working in Greece

Lifestyle in Greece

+ PRO: There is a relaxed pace of life

Greek society is laid back, and the pace of life is slow and relaxed. Locals tend not to rush through their daily routines, and although they do work hard, they enjoy the simple pleasures in life. It may take some time to adjust if you are used to a fast-paced environment, especially in the workplace.

+ PRO: The locals are friendly

You will quickly discover that locals are incredibly welcoming and hospitable. Greek people value relationships, love food and are proud of their culture and traditions. Any attempts to speak Greek will be greatly appreciated.

+ PRO: The weather in Greece is lovely

Expats in Greece will love the Mediterranean climate this country offers its residents. Although the year-round sunshine is punctuated by rain occasionally, there are a few wet days. Winters are mild and bright, and a cool ocean breeze accompanies the hot summer weather.

+ PRO: Greece has delicious food

A point of pride for the locals, Greece is a food lover’s dream. There is a vast variety of dishes in Greece, all consisting of fresh local produce and tasty meats or seafood. It is also known for being incredibly healthy, which is thought to be the reason Greek people live so long.

+ PRO: It is a relatively safe country

Crime rates are low in Greece, and most people feel extremely safe walking around Greece day or night. General precautions should still be taken, but expats feel safe in general.

- CON: Expats will have to navigate the language barrier

Although you don’t necessarily need to speak Greek to get on, if you’re intent on staying in Greece, you would do well to learn the language. Not only does it create more possibilities for employment, but it is also the best way to integrate into Greek society.

That said, it is a tricky language to learn. There are differences between spoken and written Greek, as well as between regional idioms. Greek also uses inflexions, where the meanings of words change depending on the vocal tone. As a result, expats who are in the beginning stages of learning Greek can expect some confusing exchanges.

Local Culture in Greece 
Safety in Greece 
Climate Charts for Greece

Healthcare in Greece

- CON: The healthcare system is plagued by bureaucracy

Unfortunately, there is a culture of corruption and bureaucracy in the Greek public healthcare sector that significantly lowers the quality of care. Mismanagement and lack of funding also contribute to this. The Greek government has recently put several measures in place to try to streamline the system and fight corruption.

+ PRO: Healthcare is generally good

Greek hospitals and healthcare professionals generally offer a high standard of care. While private facilities are considered superior to public ones, both have well-trained doctors and nurses, many of whom speak English.

Healthcare and Health Insurance in Greece

The country’s Mediterranean climate influences the weather in Greece. That said, you can also expect climate differences between regions. The northern parts of the mainland have colder winters and hot, humid summers. On the other hand, the islands to the southeast and the southern parts of the mainland have a more typically Mediterranean climate with milder winters and hot, dry summers. Generally, though, it can be said that Greece has warm summers and mild winters.

Broadly speaking, snow in Greece becomes less common the further south and the closer to sea level you go. Some higher mountainous areas can have alpine climates with heavy winter snowfall. However, it does occasionally snow in and around Athens. The northern parts like Thessaloniki are also known for cold winters, with temperatures averaging 43°F (6°C).

The hottest months of the year are July and August when temperatures can soar to 104°F (40°C). Rain starts in mid-October and can continue through February, punctuated by days with mild winter sun and clear skies.

There are plenty of options for accommodation in Greece. Whether considering a whitewashed Santorini blockhouse with blue shutters that match the sky, an Italian-style townhouse in Corfu’s rolling green hills or a luxury villa, you will have plenty of choices.

Expats can either rent or buy property in Greece, but most prefer to rent initially while still getting a feel for the area. Fortunately, property in Greece is a stable investment, with several tourist areas boasting excellent property values and returns.

Types of accommodation in Greece

Depending on where you decide to live, you will come across various housing options. In the cities, you can expect to find a mix of old and new – choices range from stunning luxury villas to humble decades-old apartment blocks. You can also find townhouses in urban centres, which are multi-storey homes that usually share walls with neighbouring properties.

Stone farmhouses are typical in the countryside. Semi-detached houses, cottages, and freestanding homes with gardens are also popular options.

Furnished vs unfurnished

In Greece, both furnished and unfurnished rental properties are available, but unfurnished apartments are more common, especially for long-term leases. Furnished rentals typically include essential furniture, kitchen appliances, and sometimes even linens and cookware, making them a convenient choice for expats or short-term renters.

On the other hand, unfurnished properties often come with only the basics, such as kitchen cabinets, a stove, and sometimes light fixtures, so tenants may need to invest in additional furnishings. While furnished homes offer immediate comfort, they tend to be pricier due to the added convenience.

If you’re looking for a more budget-friendly option, you may find that renting an unfurnished property and furnishing it yourself can be the cheaper long-term solution.

Short lets

Short lets in Greece offer a flexible and hassle-free way to settle into the country, whether for work or if you’re scouting out a more permanent home in one of Greece’s different areas and suburbs.

With a booming tourism industry and high demand in cities like Athens and Thessaloniki, as well as on popular islands, short-term rentals provide fully furnished, move-in-ready housing without the long-term commitment of traditional leases. That said, recent regulations have tightened in some areas to balance the market, so expats should stay informed about local rules before booking.

Useful links

• Airbnb
• Vrbo
• Sublet

Finding accommodation in Greece

When looking for accommodation in Greece, hiring a local real estate agent is likely a good idea. Many Greek sellers target foreign buyers, and you can often find a better deal with the help of someone who speaks the language.

Exploring the areas you are interested in is always a good idea. You should look out for ‘for sale’ signs and ask locals if they know of any properties available. Places available for rent may also have signage up on the property, which is typically a white or yellow sticker with the word enoikiazetai (for rent) written in red.

Many people in Greece prefer posting their properties online and in local newspapers rather than using estate agents. While most ads are in Greek, there are some in English. Generally speaking, English ads are aimed at foreigners and may have higher prices than those in Greek ads.

While everybody’s real estate priorities differ, choosing a respectable area within your budget is a good start. Especially when buying, you should consider the general condition and age of the property you are considering, particularly as this affects property tax.

Useful links

• Spitogatos
• Xe.gr
• Tospitimou.gr

Renting accommodation in Greece

Making an application

Accommodation in a sought-after area in Greece’s major cities can go fast, so we recommend submitting your application as quickly as possible once you find a good fit. You’ll need a tax number (AFM) to rent accommodation and connect utilities in Greece. You must also provide proof of identity and income, usually in the form of a payslip or employment contract. Expats can also request that their employer act as a guarantor for them, which may be necessary initially.

Deposits

Deposits are typically between two and three months’ rent for long-term rentals in Greece. It should be returned when the lease has expired, as long as the property is not damaged. As a result, an inventory of any damages upon arrival might save a tenant’s deposit.

Leases

According to law, residential lease agreements must cover a minimum of three years, although a shorter period may be negotiated between the landlord and the tenant. Generally speaking, the longer the lease, the lower the monthly cost.

It is important that expats fully understand their contracts and should hire an independent translator to translate any agreements written in Greek before they sign any agreements.

Termination of the lease

There is no universally applied notice period in Greece, but usually, tenants must give at least a month’s notice before terminating a lease, while landlords must give tenants three months’ notice. For open-ended contracts, termination notices are typically shorter.

The Greek Civil Code protects tenants’ rights and ensures landlords cannot evict tenants without significant cause. Once a lease agreement has come to an end, you can either choose to sign a new contract or leave the property. It’s recommended that you thoroughly document the state of the property when moving in and out to ensure you are not unfairly charged for damages for normal wear and tear.

Utilities in Greece

For short-term rentals, utility accounts are most often billed to the landlord and are typically included in the rental cost. For long-term rentals, however, the tenant will likely be held accountable for their own utilities, which are an extra expense on top of rent.

Electricity

The electricity market in Greece is partially regulated, with several public and private companies supplying the country’s power. The Public Power Corporation (PPC) is the largest electricity supplier in Greece, and you can visit a local office to transfer an account to your name or to set up a new account. Some providers also allow you to submit a connection request online, simplifying the process for tenants.

To begin the connection process, you’ll need the latest electricity bill from your landlord, your resident permit, a copy of your AFM number, and a copy of your lease agreement. If you choose to apply with a private provider, you must also submit a photo of the meter in your apartment. You’ll also need to pay a deposit if you’re signing a contract with the PPC.

Gas

Natural gas is primarily available on the mainland in Greece, but there are efforts to expand availability to other regions. The gas market in the country is deregulated, and several companies supply gas to businesses and homes. Some main gas suppliers in Greece are Enaon EDA and EPA Attikis.

If there is a gas network in your area, you can simply select a company and contact their customer service centre to begin the application process. Generally, meters are read bi-monthly, and bills are sent once they have been read. You can make payment through an automatic debit, at a gas provider’s office, or through internet banking services.

Water

Water in Greece is supplied by public providers and is managed by the local council in each area. The Athens Water Supply and Sewage Company (EYDAP) supplies the water in the city. To transfer a water account into your name, you can either visit a local EYDAP office or submit your request online. If you are moving to Thessaloniki, you’ll need to book an appointment at one of the EYATH’s service points.

Similarly to electricity, you’ll need to have your residence permit or passport, AFM number, copy of your lease agreement, and a recent water bill. You must also pay a security deposit when you first set up your account. Water bills are set out monthly or quarterly, depending on where in Greece you live. Bills can be paid at an EYDAP or EYATH office, through a direct debit, or at an ATM.

Bins and recycling

The Ministry of Environment and Energy manages the country’s waste management function, while local municipalities collect waste. In major cities like Athens, the country has implemented separate collection systems. Blue bins are reserved for packaging materials like plastic, metal, and glass, while yellow bins are for paper and cardboard. Specific bins for collecting glass are also placed near restaurants and cafés.

Athens has also introduced submerged bins with a telematics system to monitor when they are full and an alarm system to prevent vandalism. These bins are typically placed in populous areas to improve cleanliness and reduce the visual impact of waste.

Useful links

• Electricity: PPC, Heron, and Elpedison
• Gas: Enaon EDA and EPA Attikis
• Water: EYDAP and EYATH
• Ministry of Environment and Energy

If you are moving to Greece without a job in hand may, you struggle to find employment in the country. Although Greece’s unemployment rate is steadily declining, it remains significantly higher than that of other European countries such as Italy and Spain.

Non-EU expats will find it even more difficult to secure a job. Owing to the extra costs and paperwork involved with hiring non-EU citizens, most companies tend to hire employees from within the European Union. To overcome this, networking is key.

Job market in Greece

Greece’s most prominent industries are traditionally within the service sector, which employs most people and greatly contributes to the country’s GDP. Industries such as food and tobacco processing, textiles, and chemicals also significantly contribute to the Greek economy.

Greece’s tourism industry is thriving, with millions of tourists a year flocking to visit the marble statues and monuments of Ancient Greece and holiday islands such as Santorini and Mykonos. That said, jobs in the tourism industry are often seasonal, which can leave expats without an income in the quiet season.

Many expats teach English in Greece. This requires a bachelor’s degree and may require a TEFL qualification. Working as a private tutor is an option but doesn’t guarantee a regular income. The IT, healthcare, and finance sectors also present a fair few opportunities if you’re looking to work in Greece.

Finding a job in Greece

Most expats arrive in Greece with a job in hand, typically through an intra-company transfer. If you are moving to Greece without a job offer, you should get in touch with local businesses and recruiting agencies.

Online job portals and classified sections of local newspapers are a good way to scope out the job market but are typically not the best route for securing work. Greeks prefer to do business with people they know, so networking is key to finding a job in Greece.

Recruitment agencies are also useful for finding a job in Greece. These professionals can connect you with opportunities in your specific sector.

Non-EU citizens will need both a visa and work permit for Greece. Employers must first prove that no Greek or EU citizen was available to do the job, which may make the process more challenging.

Visas for Greece

Useful links

• Jobs in Greece
• Adecco Greece
• Grab Jobs

Work culture in Greece

Expats may find Greek work culture markedly different from their own. Work culture in Greece is traditional and hierarchical, emphasising relationships, networking, and first impressions. Successful expat workers present themselves professionally while exhibiting patience, friendliness, and directness.

Greeks are known for a more lax approach to finer rules, with meeting agendas and end times typically seen as suggestions as animated deliberations go back and forth. While respect for the hierarchy is paramount, Greeks respect colleagues who passionately advocate for their business choices.

Business Culture in Greece

Living in Greece as an expat

With its shimmering beaches, endless sunny days, rich cultural traditions and ancient historical sites, it’s no surprise that moving to Greece is an appealing prospect for many.

Many consider Greece to be the birthplace of Western civilisation. It is surrounded by Italy and the Ionian Sea to the west and Turkey and the Aegean Sea to the east. Greece has long been an attractive destination for its relaxed lifestyle and natural beauty.

The Greek cities that attract the most expats are Athens and Thessaloniki. Thessaloniki is well known for its high-tech industries and hosts the Thessaloniki Technology Park as well as the Thessaloniki Science Centre and Museum. While perhaps not as multicultural as Athens, it is still home to a large expat population.

Athens, known as ‘the City of the Gods’, is the birthplace of democracy where the monuments of Ancient Greece continue to dominate the city. It is also Greece’s financial capital and houses the headquarters of many of the multinational companies operating in the country.

Athens City Guide

Working in Greece

Having emerged from its far-reaching debt crisis, Greece is experiencing a slow but steady recovery. Be that as it may, the country still has a fairly high unemployment rate, and as such, jobs in Greece are scarce.

Traditionally, employment in Greece has been provided mainly by the service sectors, construction, telecommunications, agriculture, and shipping industries. You can also find employment in the education, healthcare, and IT sectors. Tourism also continues to be a thriving sector, with many opportunities for both locals and foreigners.

EU expats looking to work in Greece simply need to register their presence in the country with local authorities, while non-EU expats will need both a work permit and a visa to work in Greece legally. Your employer must first submit a work permit application, and once it is approved, you can apply for a national visa.

Working in Greece 
Visas for Greece

Greek culture

Greece’s social and economic problems can’t be denied. It is notorious for high levels of corruption in politics and business and complicated government bureaucracy. That said, Greece is a place of truly majestic beauty. Its people are warm and friendly. They value relationships, love food, and are proud of their culture and traditions.

The working culture in Greece is known for its traditional nature, with an emphasis on building relationships and respect for authority. In contrast, locals are often more relaxed about time. Meeting times frequently shift to accommodate the conversation, so this is something to be prepared for.

Local Culture in Greece

Finding accommodation in Greece

Greece offers a high standard of accommodation, with a variety of options to suit different preferences. You can find everything from city centre apartments to stone farmhouses in the countryside. Accommodation in the popular cities and islands like Athens and Santorini can go quickly, so it’s essential to have your documents ready before beginning the process.

Online property portals are the best place to start the search. Some expats may be lucky enough to work with relocation agencies, who do the research and shortlist apartments on their behalf, simplifying the process.

Advice on Renting Accommodation in Greece

Cost of living in Greece

Although living costs vary depending on location, the cost of living in Greece is typically low. The mainland is generally cheaper than the Greek islands when it comes to fuel and certain basic goods.

The countryside is cheaper than cities, but there is a much smaller range of products and services. Athens has a much higher cost of living than other parts of the country, largely due to its appeal as a tourist destination.

Cost of Living in Greece

Living in Greece with children

Greece is a safe country with excellent weather and friendly locals – a great place to raise a family. Greek hospitals and healthcare professionals offer a largely high standard of care, although the presence of some bureaucracy and corruption in public hospitals turns many expats to private healthcare.

The country also offers plenty of exciting activities for families. You can explore Greece’s beautiful ancient ruins or visit one of its stunning beaches for a fun family day out. It’s also easy to escape the city with a quick ferry ride to Santorini, Mykonos, or Paros for a family weekend getaway.

Healthcare and Health Insurance in Greece 
Safety in Greece

Finding a school in Greece

Expats who want to stay for the long term might consider enrolling their children in a public school, although Greek is a notoriously tricky language to learn. Otherwise, you can enrol your children at a private or international school in Greece. International schools typically offer exceptional educational standards, a wider variety of extracurricular activities, and globally recognised curricula, making them an excellent choice for expats.

Education and Schools in Greece

Getting around in Greece

If you’re moving to Athens or Thessaloniki, you’ll have access to an efficient metro system. Other parts of Greece typically rely on buses, trains, and ferries. Although driving may afford you more freedom, you’ll have to learn to drive defensively, as driving standards in the country may be unfamiliar.

Transport and Driving in Greece

Climate and weather in Greece

In general, Greece’s Mediterranean climate has warm summers and mild winters, although the northern parts of the mainland have colder winters and hot, humid summers. July and August are the hottest months of the year, and the span of October to February is rainy, interspersed with occasional days of mild winter sun and clear skies.

For expats who can afford it or those who are adventurous enough to take the plunge, Greece remains a popular destination for its high-quality lifestyle, ancient villages and hundreds of glittering islands waiting to be explored.

Climate Charts for Greece

Fast facts

Official name: The Hellenic Republic

Population: 10.4 million

Capital city: Athens (also the largest city)

Other major cities: Thessaloniki

Geography: Greece consists of the mainland, a peninsula on the southern tip of the Balkans, and 227 inhabited islands. There are thousands of uninhabited islands. One of the most mountainous countries in Europe, Greece’s highest point – the mythical home of the gods, Mount Olympus – is 9,573 ft (2,918m).

Neighbouring countries: The mainland borders Albania to the northwest, Macedonia to the north and Bulgaria to the northeast. The Ionian Sea is west of Greece, with the Aegean Sea towards the east.

Government: Unitary parliamentary republic

Major religions: Christianity (Greek Orthodox)

Main language: Greek, although English is also widely spoken.

Money: Greece uses the Euro (EUR), which is divided into 100 cents. Expats can open a bank account in Greece provided they obtain a Greek tax number (AFM). Although some may not offer services in English, ATMs are generally widely available.

Tipping: For restaurants, if there isn’t already a service charge, tips are normally 10 percent of the bill.

Time: GMT+2 (GMT+3 between the last Sunday in March and the last Sunday in October).

Electricity: 230V, 50Hz. European-style two-pin plugs are the most common.

Internet domain: .gr

International dialling code: +30

Emergency contacts: As with other European countries, the general emergency number is 112. For local services, dial 100 (police), 166 (ambulance), or 199 (fire).

Transport and driving: Driving is on the right-hand side of the road. Metro networks and intra-city bus systems are restricted to larger cities such as Athens and Thessaloniki. Intercity transport can be done via buses and trains. Commercial taxis are often available, and defensive driving is highly recommended. Travel between islands is usually via ferry.

While Greece’s overall standard of healthcare is generally high, issues such as corruption, mismanagement, and a lack of funding often undermine the public sector.

To streamline the system and fight corruption, the Greek government has introduced universal social security numbers and electronic prescriptions. It has also channelled resources to Greece’s larger hospitals.

Public healthcare in Greece

Public hospitals in Greece are largely adequate and home to professionals who do their best to deliver quality care. That said, the bureaucracy and culture of corruption in the public healthcare sector significantly reduce the quality of care. There are also long waiting periods.

The Greek government has been working to modernise its healthcare system. It has increased funding for early diagnosis and prevention programmes to reduce the incidence rates of cancer, childhood obesity, and cardiovascular disease.

While some hospitals in more remote locations on islands may provide a lower standard of healthcare, the best public hospitals – usually concentrated in the major cities – offer care of a high standard. It is often the case that expats who require more sophisticated care than island hospitals can provide will be transported to a hospital in Athens or Thessaloniki.

Most medical staff in Greece will speak some level of English, although this may differ based on their position and the location of the hospital.

Useful links

• Greece Ministry of Health

Private healthcare in Greece

Private healthcare in Greece is generally considered superior to the public alternative. Greece’s private medical facilities are typically less affected by the country’s economic situation and have newer equipment.

Moreover, doctors and nurses in private hospitals are more likely to speak English. Some Greek private hospitals even have affiliations with US hospitals or those in other countries, and their staff will have had at least some form of overseas training.

If you prefer to go to a private hospital in Greece, you would do well to have a private healthcare policy since you will be responsible for the full cost of your treatment.

Health insurance in Greece

Expats who work in Greece make compulsory contributions to the Social Insurance Institute (IKA), as do their employers. These contributions give expats access to the National Health System (ESY) using their social security card, known as an AMKA. Healthcare provided by IKA-approved practitioners is typically free, but you may have to pay a small fee for prescription medication.

Private healthcare services are popular among those who can afford them, and expats with the means to do so are advised to take out a private medical insurance policy to cover costs.

EU citizens can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) to access state healthcare during a short-term visit. UK citizens can use their Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC), which replaced the EHIC for UK citizens post-Brexit.

Useful links

• IKA

Pharmacies and medications in Greece

A green cross normally marks pharmacies in Greece. They are widely available, especially in larger cities, and are generally a reliable first line of defence against illness. Many Greek pharmacists will speak English and are capable diagnosticians who may save expats a trip to the doctor.

Pharmacies typically open from 8am to 1pm and from 5pm to 8.30pm. If you visit a pharmacy and it’s closed, there will usually be a sign on the door with details of the nearest open pharmacy.

Vaccinations in Greece

Several vaccinations are recommended for Greece. Routine vaccinations like the MMR, Tdap, influenza, and COVID-19 are recommended for entering Greece.

Hepatitis A and B vaccinations are also recommended, as there may be a risk of exposure. If you’re moving to a rural or forested area during spring or autumn, you should get a vaccine for tick-borne encephalitis. Due to increased global cases, updated polio and meningitis vaccines are also recommended.

Emergency services in Greece

Public ambulances are widely available in larger cities, but access may be restricted on some islands and rural areas. In these cases, private ambulances, helicopters, and taxis may be legitimate alternatives depending on the situation.

• Ambulance: 166
• General emergency: 112

Although banking, money and taxes in Greece have been a delicate matter for a number of years, things have returned to normal since the economic crisis stabilised. Nevertheless, financial matters can be tricky to navigate in a foreign country – here’s a rundown of what to expect.

Money in Greece

The currency in Greece is the euro (EUR), subdivided into 100 cents. Currency is available in the following denominations:

• Notes: EUR 5, EUR 10, EUR 20, EUR 100, EUR 200 and EUR 500
• Coins: 1 cent, 2 cents, 5 cents, 10 cents, 20 cents, 50 cents, EUR 1 and EUR 2

Banking in Greece

There are several reputable local and international banks in Greece. The most prominent local banks are Alpha Bank, Eurobank Ergasias, National Bank of Greece, and Piraeus Bank. Although some international banks ceased operations in Greece during the financial crisis, numerous remain, such as HSBC and Citibank. Many expats open Greek bank accounts for local use while maintaining their foreign bank accounts for international transactions.

Mobile and internet banking are commonly available in Greece. Although some smaller businesses and restaurants may only accept cash, it’s possible to pay by card for most transactions. With this in mind, it’s a good idea to keep some cash on you, especially outside of cities and away from major tourist destinations.

Opening a bank account

Opening a bank account in Greece is fairly easy. Before this can be done, however, you will need to apply for a Greek tax number called an AFM (Arithmo Forologiko Mitro). To get an AFM number, you must bring your passport to your closest tax office and fill in the relevant form. Once the application has been processed, the tax office provides a document stating the applicant’s nine-digit AFM number.

Once you have your AFM number, you will also need to present your proof of identity if you’re a non-resident. This could be a passport, national identity card, or driving licence, although some banks are more specific about what forms of identity they accept. A recent utility bill as proof of address may also be necessary, as well as proof of income, such as recent payslips or an employer’s letter. Finally, you will need to pay a deposit. The amount varies between individual banks.

Credit cards and ATMs

ATMs are widely available in most areas of Greece. Many of them, especially in larger cities, offer English transaction options. In more remote areas, however, ATMs are more likely to only accept Greek.

The most commonly accepted cards are Mastercard and Visa. Diner’s Club and American Express are less likely to be accepted. There should be no issues when using cards with either a chip or a magnetic strip.

Taxes in Greece

Most expats will find that they need to obtain an AFM number fairly swiftly upon arrival in Greece, as this number is necessary to take up employment, open a bank account, and make big purchases such as cars or homes.

Depending on your residency status, the Greek government will tax income generated in the country only. Those who are Greek residents will be taxed on their worldwide income. You can expect your income to be taxed on a sliding scale from 9 percent to 44 percent.

Social Security contributions account for a significant portion of this tax, although employers are required to cover a part of this. Expats buying property will also have to pay real estate tax.

Due to the complex nature of tax in Greece, it is highly advisable to consult a bilingual tax adviser who has experience in expat tax matters.

Useful links

• Independent Authority for Public Revenue

Expats moving to Greece need to be aware of the difference between a visa and a permit. A visa allows entry into the country for a specific purpose, such as travel or study, and a permit allows an expat to live and work in the country.

In Greece, work permits and residence permits are not separate documents. If you are from outside the European Union (EU) and have been granted permission to enter the country on a work visa, you must then apply for a permit which enables you to live and work in Greece.

Visas for Greece

Tourist visas

Greece is a Schengen state, meaning that expats entering the country on a Schengen Visa will also have access to the other European countries that are part of the agreement.

Non-EU citizens will most likely need a visa for Greece, while citizens from EU and Schengen countries, as well as countries like the US and Canada, can stay as tourists for up to 90 days within a 180-day period. That said, starting in 2024, citizens of these nations will need to apply for a European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS) before entering Greece or any other Schengen state. Fortunately, you can easily apply for an ETIAS online, and it allows multiple entries for short visits.

The visa allows travellers from outside the EU to stay in the Schengen area for as long as 90 days in a six-month period. Expats should be advised that it is difficult to obtain an extension. To apply for a Schengen visa, you’ll need:

• A valid passport (which must remain valid for at least three months after your departure and have two blank pages)
• Proof of itinerary
• Proof of accommodation during your stay
• Proof of sufficient funding for your stay

Business visas

Greek business visas are for short-term business-related activities in the country. They require that the applicant provide proof of their activities in the country, such as an official invitation from a Greek firm to attend a meeting, entry tickets to a conference, or a document proving the applicant’s employment at a company.

Useful links

• Ministry of Migration and Asylum

Long-stay visas for Greece

There are several long-stay visas available for Greece, including work, digital nomad, family reunification, and golden visas. Highly skilled expats can also apply for an EU Blue Card, which is a Highly Skilled Worker visa for Greece. These visas are valid for more than 90 days.

Work visas

Non-EU expats planning on staying for more than 90 days and working in Greece will need a type D visa (also known as a National Visa). This visa requires an official offer of employment from a Greek business.

To provide such an offer, the business needs to submit paperwork to the authorities proving that the work cannot be done by a Greek national or EU citizen. Once approval is obtained, the business can issue an official offer of employment to be used in the expat’s type D visa application.

Expats will need to submit several documents to the Greek embassy or consulate in their home country. You may also need to attend an interview, and you’ll need to apply for a residence permit at a local Aliens and Immigration Office within 30 days of your arrival.

Working in Greece

Residence and work permits for Greece

Residence and work permits

Once in Greece, non-EU expats must apply for a residence and work permit, which enables them to live in Greece and do a specific job for a specific employer. The application must be made within a month of arrival, but it is a lengthy process, so it’s recommended that you apply as soon after arrival as possible.

Before applying, you must obtain a Greek tax number (AFM) from your nearest tax office. They must also obtain a social security number (AMKA) from the local Social Security Institute (IKA) or the Citizens’ Service Centre (KEP).

Expats from the EU who want to stay in Greece for more than three months only need to apply for a certificate of registration at their local foreign bureau. This requires a valid passport, proof of residence and proof of sufficient income or maintenance funds.

Investment visas

Expats who purchase property in Greece to the value of EUR 250,000 or more are entitled to a Greece Golden Visa. This visa grants permanent residency for the expat and their family members. Permanent residency grants the right to work, start a business, retire or study in Greece. The visa can be renewed every five years as long as the visa holder still owns the property in question. After seven years of continuous residence on this visa, expats can apply for citizenship.

Useful links

• Independent Authority for Public Revenue
• Migrant Integration Centre

Visa and work permit requirements are subject to change at short notice, and expats are advised to contact their nearest Greek embassy or consulate for the latest details.

Doing business in Greece offers an excellent opportunity, as the country boasts access to the EU and global markets, as well as low operating costs. Still, the economic environment in Greece is challenging. A complicated and inefficient bureaucracy and a lack of access to regulatory information make it difficult for expats and locals to start a business in Greece.

While much of Greece’s economic activity is focused around Athens, the rest of the country offers opportunities as well. Some of the most prominent industries in Greece include tourism, shipping, agriculture, textiles, and mining.

Fast facts

Business hours

Business hours in Greece are from Monday to Friday, either from 8am or 9am to 4pm or 5pm.

Business language

While many Greeks speak English, grasping the Greek language or going into business with a first-language speaker is often paramount to running a successful business.

Dress

Appearances are important in Greece. If you’re doing business in the country, you should dress neatly and conservatively.

Gifts

Gifts are generally not part of business relationships and may be construed as bribery, given the country’s reputation for corruption. That said, if you receive a gift, you should reciprocate with a gift of similar value.

Gender equality

While women are equal under the law, many Greeks retain a somewhat traditional view of gender roles. Men still outnumber women in the general workforce and executive positions.

Greeting

Shaking hands is the most common business greeting in Greece. Eye contact is critical.

Business culture in Greece

Greek culture shapes acceptable business practices. You will find that understanding local customs and values goes a long way toward understanding business culture, too.

Relationships

An emphasis on family and personal relations means that many Greeks like dealing with people they know and trust. This contributes to widespread nepotism in Greek business culture. They also prefer face-to-face meetings to emails and telephone calls.

Hierarchy

Greeks maintain traditional views of democracy and honour. Meetings often entail vigorous exchanges of ideas, but you should take care when disagreeing with a colleague – this should be done respectfully. Additionally, a lot of importance is placed on experience, and employees are expected to respect more senior colleagues.

Philoxenia

The Greek concept of philoxenia means ‘friend to a stranger’ and fosters a culture of personal connection, trust, and generosity. Companies frequently prioritise hospitality towards their customers, typically offering complimentary items and services. As an expat doing business in Greece, you’ll find that a customer-centric mindset is common in local businesses.

Dos and don’ts of business in Greece

• Do greet by shaking hands, smiling and maintaining eye contact
• Don’t be put off by personal questions – Greeks are warm and often curious people
• Do be prepared to network and spend a lot of time getting to know associates
• Do make sure that official documents and business cards are in both English and Greek
• Don’t be late, even if Greek associates are

The standard of education and schools in Greece is generally considered excellent, with engaged teachers and a low dropout rate.

That said, expat parents moving to Greece are faced with a difficult choice. Public schools in Greece only teach in Greek. Still, public schooling is arguably the most authentic way for expat children to integrate into Greek society and learn the language – all while not paying tuition fees.

On the other hand, many expats elect to put their children in private schools, where they may get a better education, but this comes with a hefty price tag. In the case of English-speaking private international schools, expat children will have an environment closer to what they’re used to at home, but this will entail a degree of isolation from their local peers.

All children between 4 and 15 years old must attend school, and public schooling is tuition-free during these years.

Public schools in Greece

The schooling system in Greece is divided into four levels:

• Early education (nipiagogeio) – ages 4 to 6
• Primary school (demotiko) – ages 6 to 11
• Middle school (gymnasio) – ages 12 to 14
• Senior high school (lykeion) – ages 15 to 17

Government schools do not charge school fees and have traditionally provided free textbooks to students. The Ministry of Education is focusing on introducing digital textbooks to ease the cost burden and also ensure that there are no textbook shortages.

It’s not uncommon for expat and even local parents with children in Greek public schools to spend thousands of euros on private tutors. This is partly due to an inflexible education system which relies on rote memory, and partly to improve their children’s chances in the final exams.

Useful links

• Ministry of Education, Religious Affairs, and Sports

Private schools in Greece

Greece has one of the highest private school attendance figures in Europe, mostly due to the perception that the quality of private schools in Greece is superior to public education.

While private schools certainly have more autonomy than their public counterparts, they are still supervised by the Ministry, and the medium of instruction in most of them is Greek. For expats who can afford it, Greek private schools are perhaps an effective middle ground between an integrative experience for their children and an education of the highest standard.

Useful links

• Hellenic Independent Schools Association

International schools in Greece

There are several international schools in Greece, most of which are situated in Athens, with a few in Thessaloniki. These schools offer foreign or international curricula, typically taught in the language of their country of origin (often English). International schools typically offer globally recognised curricula like the International Baccalaureate, American, and British programmes, making them a great choice for globally mobile families.

You’ll find that many expats favour international schools because they allow children to continue with a familiar curriculum in their home languages. Fees differ between schools, but are generally high and tend to increase as children progress. Although fees are high, these schools typically provide an excellent education, highly qualified educators, and a wide slate of extracurricular activities.

Special-needs education in Greece

Greece’s policies for special-needs education are largely focused on integrating students with special educational needs into mainstream schooling. Depending on the child’s needs, various levels of assistance are available.

Children with mild conditions are kept in mainstream classes with numerous accommodations and extra support from the class teacher. In more severe cases, students with special educational needs in mainstream classes may receive additional parallel support from teachers specifically hired for their expertise in special-needs education.

Should more support be required, special-needs students may be placed into ‘inclusion classes’ in mainstream schools alongside other students experiencing similar difficulties. Inclusion classes are staffed by special-needs teachers and tailored to the students’ needs.

Those unable to attend a mainstream school may attend a special education school, be taught at home, or be educated by a specialised unit within a hospital or institutional setting.

Useful links

• European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education – Greece

Tutors in Greece

Greek parents with children in public schools frequently use tutors to supplement their learning and give their children a better chance of achieving high marks in their exams. You may find tutors helpful in assisting your children adapt to a new language or curriculum.

Some reputable tutoring companies in Greece include Kumon and Ariston IB for international baccalaureate learners. The best bet for finding reputable tutors is to ask for recommendations from your children’s schools.

Useful links

• Kumon
• Ariston IB
• TeacherOn

Transport and driving in Greece is fairly easy to navigate. The country has a developed and fairly comprehensive transport infrastructure that continues to improve, especially in major cities such as Athens.

Buses and trains are popular ways to get around within cities, while ferries are often used to move between islands. Driving is also an option, while many of Greece’s cities are also very walkable.

Public transport in Greece

Trains

Greece’s mainland railway network is operated by Organismós Sidherodhrómon Elládhos (OSE). You can take advantage of regional railway lines linking most of the country and the urban rail networks in some larger cities. The majority of the rail network is efficient, and expats shouldn’t have too many problems.

Travelling by train is slower than using express service buses, but it is also cheaper. You can find train schedules online or on station schedule boards; there are two classes on the trains. First-class tickets are naturally pricier and typically include a meal on certain routes.

Metro

The country’s oldest operational subway system is the Athens Metro, which runs along three lines and links the city centre to the surrounding suburbs and the Athens International Airport. A fourth line is currently under construction and is set to open in 2026.

The metro operates from 5.30am to 12.30am, with extended hours on Fridays and Saturdays. All stations offer wheelchair access, with elevators and ramps available.

The recently opened Thessaloniki metro system is the country’s first fully automated and driverless metro system. It runs underground exclusively and has improved public transport efficiency in Greece’s second-largest city.

Trams

The Athens Tram is the only public tram network in Greece. It began as a horse-drawn tramway in the 19th century and has developed into a reliable and convenient modern system that runs from early in the morning to late at night. The tram has two lines covering 12 miles (19km) and serving 60 stations, with stops in coastal suburbs like Piraeus and Palaio Faliro.

Buses

Buses are the primary form of public transport on land in Greece. A network that connects large cities like Athens and Thessaloniki to small villages allows expats to explore Greece with relative ease. Most of the mainland is linked to Athens or, alternatively, Thessaloniki. Islands such as Corfu can also be accessed by bus from the Greek capital.

The national network is operated by a group of private operators known as the Kratikó Tamío Ellinikón Leoforíon (KTEL). Greek buses are most often modern, safe and affordable, and prices for tickets are fixed for different routes.

While buses are reliable most of the time, as with other modes of transport, they may face delays and cancellations due to sporadic strikes, especially in Athens and Thessaloniki. We recommend arriving early to catch a bus since it may run off schedule.

Ferries

Greece’s ferry services are a popular mode of transport. From June to September, ferry services are very frequent, while only limited services are offered from March to May. It can be difficult to get around using the ferry between December and February, as very few routes remain operational. During this period, it’s usually preferable to go by plane if you need to get to one of Greece’s outlying islands.

Useful links

• OSE
• STASY
• Thessaloniki Metro
• KTEL

Taxis in Greece

Taxis vary in colour depending on the city they are in. In Athens, taxis are yellow, and those in Thessaloniki are blue and white. Each taxi is fitted with a meter, and you should ensure that the driver has switched it on before embarking on your journey.

There are additional charges when you call a taxi, as the meter starts running from the time the driver starts driving to you. Popular ride-hailing apps like Uber and Lyft are technically not operational in Greece due to taxi regulations. Despite this, it is possible to use the Uber app to request and pay for a local taxi.

Useful links

• Aegean Taxi
• Uber
• Taxiplon

Driving in Greece

In Greece, cars drive on the right-hand side of the road. Driving in Greece can be a harrowing experience – the country is infamous for having some of the worst drivers in Europe. That said, the roads in Greece are generally well maintained, and many regional roads that used to be dirt tracks have been tarred over the last few years.

Driving is a good way to explore some of Greece’s more remote areas. Expats may, however, want to consider public transport if they aren’t prepared to become masters of defensive driving. Another option may be using a motorcycle for its manoeuvrability, although this too should be done with caution.

Holders of driving licences from EU countries or Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein are in luck: they can drive with their current driving licence until it expires. If you are from the US, Australia, Canada, South Africa, South Korea and Japan, you must convert their licences after 185 days. Expats whose home countries are not signatories to the Vienna Convention will have to apply for a new licence.

To apply for a Greek driver’s licence, you’ll need to be a resident of Greece and the city you’re applying in for at least six months. You must also provide a medical certificate from a GP and an ophthalmologist, proof of address, and a Greek tax identification number.

You’ll also need to pass theoretical and practical driving tests. Expats will be delighted to know that you can take the theoretical test in several languages, including English.

Useful links

• Ministry of Infrastructure and Transportation

Air travel in Greece

With numerous international airports and a good domestic network, flying is an easy and convenient way to travel. Various Greek islands and cities on the mainland are all very accessible via plane. Island flights are typically more expensive than taking a ferry and can be difficult to find during peak tourist seasons.

The biggest domestic flight airlines in the country are Olympic Air and Aegean Airlines. There are also smaller operators like Sky Express and Ryanair.

Useful links

• Olympic Air
• Aegean Airlines
• Sky Express
• Ryanair