With a strategic location in the Middle East – sharing borders with Israel, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Iraq – Jordan is home to one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Many expats are continuously moving to Jordan, making it one of the most popular expat destinations in the region.

Officially known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the country has striking natural beauty. The stark and rocky desert scapes of the northern Arabian Peninsula perfectly complement the old-world charm of much of the country's architecture.

Living in Jordan as an expat

Phosphate mines in southern Jordan have made the country one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of this mineral, while agricultural produce is another large contributor to the economy. Besides mining, oil and gas, expats tend to work for international companies in IT, communications, transport and investment, while others teach English.

You should be aware that Islam is the state religion if you're moving to Jordan. Nevertheless, Jordan is one of the most liberal countries in the Middle East, and you're unlikely to face discrimination for practising a religion other than Islam. Expats should, however, show respect for local customs and etiquette – women, in particular, should dress modestly and preferably wear their hair up or cover it with a headscarf.

That said, expats tend to live a sheltered life in Jordan, and most choose to rent accommodation in one of the many Westernised compounds in and around Amman.

Jordanians are known for being friendly, warm, and welcoming to foreigners. Arabic is the official language, but most Jordanians can speak English. You should not have a problem communicating in professional settings and business dealings, particularly in Amman. Still, expats are likely to experience some culture shock, particularly if they are unused to life in the Middle East.

Jordan has plenty of good medical facilities, and the country is gaining a reputation as a medical tourism destination. The country has one of the best healthcare systems in the Middle East, with both private and public hospitals providing a high standard of care.

Cost of living in Jordan

Jordan is undeniably expensive, and accommodation is usually an expat's biggest expense. Expat housing is typically in the form of compound townhouses and apartments, and these don't come cheap. Salaries in Jordan also tend to be lower than those offered in the UAE, for instance, but this depends on an expat's field of work.

Families and children in Jordan

Many expat families who move to the country are pleasantly surprised at how family-friendly Jordan is. Compounds often have wonderful amenities such as swimming pools, sports facilities, clubhouses, and playgrounds, as well as expats from similar backgrounds, which makes family life easy.

Jordan has a high literacy rate, and the government prioritises education. The language of instruction at local schools is Arabic. If you'd like your children to continue learning your home country's curriculum, you will be pleased to know that there are a number of international schools in Jordan, mostly located in Amman. These cater to a variety of nationalities.

Climate in Jordan

Jordan has a Mediterranean-style climate, with hot summers and wet winters. If you're expecting year-round sizzling temperatures, you might be surprised to learn that the country experiences colder temperatures, too. Jordan also experiences rain and even a bit of snow in the winter months. However, those who enjoy sunshine can rest assured that such conditions are very much the exception, and Jordan is, by and large, a warm and sunny country.

Jordan will be what you make of it. It could be a wonderful adventure and an enriching experience for an expat family open to new ways of life and cultural differences. It's also a great base from which to travel internationally.

Fast facts

Population: Nearly 11.3 million

Capital city: Amman

Neighbouring countries: Jordan is bordered by Israel and Palestine to the west, Syria to the north, Iraq to the northeast and Saudi Arabia to the south and east.

Geography: Largely landlocked except for a 16 mile (26 km) coastline at the southwest edge of the country, most of Jordan is situated on a plateau. The East Bank of Jordan is largely arid desert, while the West Bank is mostly rough mountain terrain, with a few sections of highly arable land used for farming.

Political system: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Major religion: Islam

Main languages: Arabic is the official language, but English is also widely spoken

Money: The Jordanian Dinar (JOD) is divided into 10 dirhams, 100 qirsh, or 1,000 fils. It is easy to open a bank account in Jordan and ATMs are ubiquitous, especially in the cities.

Tipping: Most of the luxury hotels and restaurants will add a 10 to 12 percent service charge to the bill, but smaller establishments usually expect a tip. It is customary to round up the price of a taxi trip.

Time: UTC+2 (UTC+3 during daylight savings time)

Electricity: 230V, 50Hz. Jordan uses a variety of plugs, including European two-prong round-pin plugs and British plugs with three flat blades.

Internet domain: .jo

International dialling code: +962

Emergency contacts: The general emergency number is 911. Ambulances in major urban centres frequently arrive quickly.

Transport and driving: Driving is on the right-hand side of the road. Traffic can be heavy and drivers can be erratic. If driving in Jordan, you should watch for livestock such as camels crossing the road. Buses and taxis are the most common forms of public transport.

* Islamic holidays are subject to the sighting of the moon, and dates can change on the Gregorian calendar.

Expats relocating to Jordan will likely find that the culture differs quite significantly from their own. This can make it difficult to settle into a new life here, but the all-pervading hospitality and friendliness of Jordanians do a lot to ease the burden of a potentially tricky transition.

Religion in Jordan

The dominant religion in Jordan is Sunni Islam, with more than 90 percent of the population practising this faith. There is some Christian presence in Jordan, but this is very much in the minority, with Christians making up only six percent of the general population. Despite this disparity, Christians are free to practise their religion, and there are plenty of churches available for them to attend. Members of lesser-known religions have a slightly higher risk of being discriminated against, but this is rare.

Religion plays a vital role in shaping the daily lives of Jordanians and, by extension, the lives of all who live there. For instance, scheduled prayers are held five times a day. Prayer times are publicly signalled by mosques, and devout Muslims will put everything on hold to pray, bringing business to a standstill. The opening times of restaurants are also affected by religion – during holy occasions such as Ramadan, restaurants will accommodate traditional fasting practices by opening just before sundown.

Members of other faiths are not obligated to fast alongside Muslim friends or colleagues during Ramadan but should refrain from eating and drinking in front of them as a sign of respect. In addition, eating or drinking in public during daylight hours during Ramadan is technically illegal and could result in a fine.

Women in Jordan

Women in Jordan are afforded more rights and privileges than those in most Middle Eastern countries. One of these is the right to work and even earn equal pay and benefits to that of their male peers. Even so, life for women in Jordan is greatly influenced by the value that the Islamic religion places on patriarchal power.

Expat women are most impacted by how they are expected to dress on a daily basis. Western women aren't expected to cover their faces or hair, but we encourage you to ensure your shoulders, legs, and chest area are covered.

Unfortunately, Jordanian men sometimes target Western women on the street, and they should be prepared for this. Usually, this behaviour is limited to bothersome catcalling and staring. If not discouraged, though, it can escalate into stalking and sexual harassment. You can avoid this kind of unwanted attention by travelling with a companion, particularly when out at night, and dressing conservatively.

Public displays of affection, such as hugging, kissing and hand-holding, are frowned upon.

Language in Jordan

The dominant language in Jordan is Arabic, which is notoriously difficult to master. Most Jordanians are able and willing to speak English, but expats should try to pick up as many common Arabic phrases as possible. This will be helpful when navigating social situations.

Food and drink in Jordan

In Jordan, you're likely to receive frequent invitations to drink tea with the locals. A shop owner or stranger is just as likely to offer to share a pot of tea as an old friend. Jordanians take great pride in their hospitality and will go out of their way to ensure their guests are comfortable.

Social gatherings, when not centred on tea drinking, are all about sharing a meal or enjoying a sweet treat together. Expats should be aware that eating utensils are generally not used in Jordan – rather, bread is served with almost every meal and is used as a spoon to scoop up one's food. A common faux pas to avoid is eating with one's left hand, as it is considered by Jordanians to signify uncleanliness.

Finding work in Jordan is no easy feat. Unemployment in Jordan has been an issue for quite some time. The trend of high unemployment has been steadily increasing over the years and has made finding work a challenge for locals and expats alike. That said, those with specialised skills can usually find lucrative employment in Jordan. 

Job market in Jordan

Despite the issue of unemployment in Jordan, its economy is one of the strongest in the Middle East thanks to its rich mineral resources such as phosphates and potash. Aside from mining, other strong or fast-growing sectors that expats might consider are tourism, pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, and IT.

As with most countries whose primary language is not English, it’s also possible to find work teaching English in Jordan. Most commonly, though, expats in Jordan will be found working for international companies as engineers.

Finding a job in Jordan

It isn't always necessary for you to already be in the country to look for a job in Jordan. Searching online from home has distinct advantages, such as the possibility of finding an employer willing to pay for tickets and relocation costs. There are several job portals online that are widely considered to be good sources for jobs, but expats should be wary of suspicious-sounding job posts or offers that seem too good to be true. Besides maintaining a healthy sense of scepticism, you should only use reputable and well-known job portals.

Jordanian newspapers also regularly run ads in job sections, though this is only useful if one is already in the country. Even then, online job portals remain the most popular and convenient way of finding work.

Useful links

• Bayt.com
• Naukri Gulf
• Jobs in Jordan

Work culture in Jordan

Since Friday is the holy day of the official state religion, Islam, the workweek in Jordan runs from Sunday to Thursday. Working hours consist of eight hours of work a day, five days a week, adding up to a total of 40 hours a week. The usual work schedule may be disrupted by holy occasions such as Ramadan. Expats should also take note that mosques sound a call to prayer five times daily, and Muslims will stop whatever they are doing (including work activities) to partake.

While Jordanians are generally extremely friendly and hospitable to foreigners, there is some level of resentment from locals toward foreigners employed in Jordan. The soaring unemployment rate has made the job market extremely competitive, making it understandably frustrating for Jordanians to see a job go to someone else. Unfortunately, the ongoing Syrian refugee crisis in Jordan has only worsened this ill feeling towards working expats.

The weather in Jordan is influenced by the country’s climate, which ranges from a Mediterranean-style to a desert climate that brings hot summers and wet winters. If you’re expecting year-round sizzling temperatures, you may be surprised to learn that the country does experience colder temperatures too, not to mention rain and even a bit of snow in the winter months. However, if you enjoy sunshine, you can rest assured that such conditions are very much the exception, and Jordan is, by and large, a warm and sunny country.

Spring is from March to May and brings with it an array of dazzling wildflowers to the Jordanian countryside. Summer, from June to August, is characterised by hot daytime temperatures with an average of 90°F (32°C). During this season, it is advisable to wear lightweight but modest clothing, not forgetting that skimpy clothing will likely be considered disrespectful.

In April, a hot southerly wind known as the khamsin wind blows over the country. The khamsin can build up to gale force and often causes dangerous sandstorms. The arrival of this wind can cause the temperature to rise by several degrees, sometimes up to 104°F (40°C), within just a few hours. During these times, expats should beware of low visibility and should stay indoors if possible.

Despite the hot days, summer evenings can quickly become chilly, so it’s always a good idea to carry an extra layer to throw on when out and about at night.

In November, rainy conditions start to make their way across the country, heralding the arrival of winter, which lasts from December to February. The rainy season runs until around April and can bring vicious storms, causing flash floods and mudslides. During this time, expats should wrap up warmly and wear waterproof jackets or overcoats. During winter, Jordan’s capital city, Amman, may experience a few days of snowfall.

The options for accommodation in Jordan are varied, ranging from budget-friendly properties to sprawling luxury villas.

While some expats in Jordan are lucky enough to have their employers arrange their accommodation, many have to go it alone, which can be quite daunting. But with a little patience and perseverance, you will find a home to suit your budget and lifestyle.

Types of accommodation in Jordan

If you're a Western expat seeking a taste of home, compounds will be the best choice and will certainly help ease the sometimes jarring unfamiliarity of Jordan. These compounds are essentially gated communities with several houses, villas, or apartments. They are often luxurious and may include swimming pools, clubhouses, and other recreation areas.

Some expats find that the atmosphere in compounds tends to be less conservative than is typical in Jordan, and they can behave and dress as they would back home. On the other hand, living in such a community does hinder cultural assimilation and means that you can frequently miss out on a great deal of life happening beyond the walls of the compound.

Furnished vs unfurnished

Once you have decided what kind of accommodation you're looking for, you will also need to consider whether you want fully furnished, semi-furnished, or non-furnished accommodation. Fully furnished accommodation provides everything but linen and towels, while a non-furnished place won't have much beyond kitchen cabinets. Semi-furnished accommodation varies but will typically include white kitchen goods such as a stove, microwave, and fridge.

Short lets

Short lets are particularly popular in the capital city of Amman. Expats moving to Jordan may consider renting a short let property before committing to a specific neighbourhood in the country. While this may be convenient, short term rentals can be pricey as they are often fully furnished and include utilities like water, electricity, and WiFi in the cost. 

Finding accommodation in Jordan

Jordanians are generally happy to chat to just about anyone about anything at any time, and this can be very useful for house-hunting expats. Scouting out potential neighbourhoods and having a chat with locals in the area can yield useful information about places to rent nearby.

Of course, searching online could also be fruitful. Although some may try to take advantage of foreigners by overcharging, there are several websites that cater specifically to expats. While the internet is a good place to start your accommodation search, and it may be tempting to sort out a place to live with just a few clicks of a button, it’s important to view the property in person. Meet the landlord before paying or committing to anything.

Property sections in local newspapers can also be useful. Still, you will only be able to use this resource if you have a good understanding of Arabic or have access to a translator.

It's worth considering hiring a real-estate agent. They are knowledgeable about the local housing market and the paperwork involved in renting, and can do most of the required legwork. While convenient, this can be an expensive route to take.

Useful links

• Bayut Jordan
• Apartments for Rent for Expatriates in Amman

Renting accommodation in Jordan

The rental process in Jordan is fairly standard, at least when it comes to compound living. Property owners within a compound are accustomed to dealing with foreigners and won't be fazed by any additional paperwork required. For those opting for accommodation outside a compound, enlisting help from a Jordanian contact or the expertise of an estate agent might be useful. 

Leases

Leases in Jordan are typically for one year with an option to renew, and landlords usually expect the entire year’s rent upfront. So, before searching for a house, expats should ensure that they have the money ready, be that in the form of a loan, savings, or an advance from their employer. Some landlords may be open to negotiation, such as paying six months' rent upfront and the rest at a later stage, but striking this kind of deal will normally push the rental price up. You should be aware that once a lease is signed, it is unbreakable.

Deposits

Because of the lump-sum payment, landlords do not typically ask for a deposit (although legally they are entitled to). But if the tenant breaks the lease terms by moving out early, they will not be refunded any remaining rent. Shorter leases of six months are possible, but again, this will result in an increased rental price, usually by up to 20 percent.

Termination of the lease

Most leases are unbreakable by tenants, but landlords can terminate a lease at their discretion. If your landlord is looking to terminate your lease, they must give you at least a month's notice, and the same goes for tenants looking to break their lease. Once your lease expires, and you choose to renew it, the contract becomes valid indefinitely and is subject to the one-month notice period. 

It's essential for you to take a full inventory of your apartment or compound before moving in, and to conduct a thorough inspection with the landlord or real-estate agent when moving out. This helps you avoid getting charged for normal wear and tear. Landlords are legally entitled to charge tenants for damages beyond normal wear and tear. 

Utilities in Jordan

In most cases, the cost of basic utilities such as gas, electricity, and water are included in the rental price. There are some instances, especially with short-term rentals, where additional expenses such as telephone rental and internet are also accounted for within the rent. For long-term contracts, tenants must most likely organise and pay for these optional services themselves.

Electricity and gas

Electricity in Jordan is subsidised, making it moderately priced. The National Electric Power Company (NEPCO) owns the country's transmission networks and substations, while several other companies supply electricity to consumers. Amman and central Jordan are served by Jordan Electric Power Company (JEPCO), the south and east receive their electricity through the Electricity Distribution Company (EDCO), while the northern regions receive their services from Irbid District Electricity Company (IDECO). 

Electricity connections will typically be active in most rentals. Expats are encouraged to ensure the previous tenant paid for their consumption to avoid unfair charges. It's easy to pay utilities in Jordan using the eFAWATEERcom portal. 

Most Jordanians use bottled gas for cooking. It's likely that you'll find a gas bottle installed in your home. If not, you can simply purchase a gas tank from local companies like Unigaz Jordan or Central Gas and have it connected. Trucks that offer gas refills often drive around neighbourhoods and play a melody to alert residents of their presence.

Water 

Water is a precious resource in Jordan, and depending on where expats live, they may experience water supply issues. Although the tap water in the country is largely considered safe to drink, most locals and expats choose to drink bottled water. 

Similar to electricity, water bills are payable using the eFAWATEERcom portal or at supermarkets around the country. Despite Jordan being a water-scarce country, the government subsidises water, making it more affordable than in many other countries. 

Bins and recycling

The country's municipalities oversee waste management in Jordan. In Amman, the Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) collects waste from its over 21,000 collection points throughout the city and then transports this waste to the Al Ghabawi landfill. The municipality provides daily waste collection at these points. 

Recycling is still in its infancy in Jordan, with only 7 percent of the country's waste being formally recycled. Most of the recycling in the country is facilitated informally. Informal waste pickers use pushcarts or trucks to collect plastics, cardboard, metals, and wood. If you're an expat moving to Jordan and would like to contribute to the country's recycling efforts, it's advisable to separate waste and leave out the recyclables for the waste pickers. 

Internet

You'll be happy to find that Jordan boasts many modern connectivity options, including cable, fibre optic, and wireless. Many internet service providers (ISPs) provide reliable connections across the country. Those who are looking for affordable options can check out the combo options that integrate their phone, internet, and cable connections. Some of the best ISPs in Jordan are Orange, Zain, and Umniah.

Useful links

• eFAWATEERcom
• Unigaz Jordan
• Ministry of Water and Irrigation
• Greater Amman Municipality
• Orange
• Zain
• Umniah

Expats looking to do business in Jordan will likely find opportunities in the country’s growing economy, but that doesn’t necessarily mean the process is always smooth.

Despite any bureaucratic shortcomings, the warm nature of the Jordanian people certainly helps negate these, and business processes have improved significantly in recent years.

Fast facts

Business hours

The workweek in Jordan runs from Sunday to Thursday. Business hours are usually 8.30am to 1pm and 3.30 to 6.30pm, but as Jordanians aren’t sticklers for time, this can vary.

Language

While Arabic is the country's official language, most international business dealings are done in English. However, expats would do well to learn a few key Arabic phrases, and for the convenience of Jordanian associates, business cards should be printed in both Arabic and English.

Dress

Jordanian businesspeople dress well, and expats should follow their example. Men should dress the same as they would for business dealings in the West; smart business suits are fine, and casual wear should not be worn in an office environment. Women should ensure all sleeves are elbow length or longer and should wear high necklines and skirts that fall below the knee.

Gifts

Gifts are not expected at initial meetings, but a small gift may be given if invited to a Jordanian’s home. Do not give alcohol. Sweets or flowers are appropriate as long as they’re not too lavish.

Gender equality

Women are underrepresented in the workplace in Jordan, but expat women report that this doesn't seem to impact much on doing business as a woman in the country.

Greetings

Handshakes are the standard greeting in Jordan, and eye contact is important. That said, men should wait for women to initiate a handshake. The most senior person, usually the eldest, should be greeted first.

Business culture in Jordan

As in any new place, it may take expats some time to get used to the Jordanian way of doing business. As the state religion, Islamic ideals affect the workplace, as do Jordanians' strong cultural values.

Time

In Jordan, time is more loosely defined than what expats may be used to. Jordanians prefer to deal with things organically and value spending time with people and building relationships over chasing deadlines. As a result, meetings or social gatherings may often begin later than the appointed time.

It’s best not to follow suit by arriving late, though, as this may be considered rude or unusual behaviour from a Westerner. Instead, aim to be on time but not to be early for meetings. When setting up a meeting, expats should know and respect the five daily prayer times.

Socialising

Jordanians are famous for their hospitable spirit and friendly nature, which extends to business dealings. The first five to 10 minutes of the first business meeting are often devoted to getting to know one another, and values such as respect, friendship, and trust are paramount in business dealings and personal matters alike.

Often, locals will take a great interest in the personal lives of foreigners and may pepper them with questions that may seem nosy or prying. You shouldn’t take offence at this; it is simply the Jordanian way of showing interest in getting to know you. Any social invitations should be accepted and reciprocated at a later date. If at all possible, do not decline such invitations, as this could damage the business relationship.

Emotions

Jordanians don’t often show strong emotions, except sometimes anger, and even this is rare. Affection is not openly expressed, and public displays of it, even between a married couple, are inappropriate. If faced with a situation where they must confront someone about something, Jordanians will always do it privately, and expats should afford locals this same courtesy. Having a public confrontation would cause the offending party to ‘lose face’, which is unacceptable.

Dos and don’ts of business in Jordan

• Do be patient if a Jordanian associate arrives at a meeting late
• Don’t jump right into business at the start of the meeting
• Don’t expect to drink alcohol as part of socialising – most Jordanians are Muslim and don’t drink
• Do avoid talking about Israel or politics, even if locals seem keen to chat about these topics
• Don’t ask Jordanian men about female family members – some will find this suspicious

Those who wish to go to Jordan, whether for a visit or to stay long-term, will all have to navigate the country's visa system. Nationals of some countries have a much smoother road than others when it comes to tourist visas. However, all nationalities wanting to work and reside in the country will have to navigate some red tape to secure the necessary visas for Jordan.

Tourist visas for Jordan

The procedure for obtaining a tourist visa to enter Jordan depends on your nationality. Nationals of several countries can obtain a visa at the border and do not need to apply beforehand. Nationals of other countries must have a visa in hand before travelling to Jordan – they may also require Security Approval for entry, which also needs to be obtained in advance.

More than 230 nationalities are required to have an approved tourist visa to travel to Jordan, whether this is an electronic visa, a visa on arrival, or an embassy visa.

Around 140 nationalities can obtain an eVisa for Jordan for tourism through an electronic application called Jordan Pass. Those who apply for this online tourist package will have their visa fees for Jordan waived if they stay for at least three nights. The 80-odd nationalities not eligible for the eVisa must obtain a tourist visa from their nearest Jordanian consulate before travelling.

Note that no visas are issued at the Wadi Araba and King Hussein Bridge borders; if entering at these borders, visas must be arranged beforehand.

Some travellers are exempt from visa requirements and may enter Jordan using just their passports. Nationals of these countries may stay for up to three months per six-month period for tourism or business purposes. These are the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), as well as Lebanon and Turkey. Nationals of Israel, Egypt, and Palestine are also allowed to enter the country without a visa but may stay for only one month.

It is illegal to work in Jordan while on a tourist visa. A passport valid for at least six months after the date of entry is required to enter for all but Lebanese nationals, who may enter using an ID document.

Useful links

• Jordan Pass

Work visas for Jordan

Jordan issues work visas as well as work permits – though this sounds confusing at first, there is a straightforward difference between the two. A work visa is used to give a foreign national permission to enter the country for work purposes, and a work permit is required to take up work once such a person is already in the country. In other words, you will need a work permit in addition to any visa used to enter Jordan. This includes expats who enter on a work visa.

Residence permits in Jordan

Residence permits in Jordan are distinguished from one another based on the circumstances of the person applying – for example, whether the applicant is married to a Jordanian national and whether they are employed in the country.

A Jordanian residence permit is valid for one year and will need to be renewed annually.

Expats can become naturalised Jordanian citizens after living in Jordan permanently for several years, depending on their nationality. Wives of Jordanian men have a fast track on this. A foreigner who has lived legally in Jordan for ten years and is not yet eligible for citizenship may apply for a five-year residence permit.

* Visa requirements can change at short notice, and expats should contact their respective embassy or consulate for the latest details.

The rate of expats choosing to live and work in the small Middle Eastern country of Jordan is increasing. There are a few hoops to jump through first, though, as expats intending to take up employment in the country must obtain a work permit for Jordan in addition to the relevant visa.

Applying for a work permit in Jordan

Expats must have secured a job before applying for a work permit, as the application requires the employer's participation.

The first step is for the employer to obtain approval from the Ministry of Labour by proving one of two things: either that workers with the required experience and qualifications for the role cannot be found in Jordan or that the number of such workers available does not fulfil the employer’s needs. This is often a difficult step; the high percentage of unemployment in Jordan means there is stiff competition for jobs, and they are often snapped up immediately.

Employers are required to pay a fee for each foreigner employed, which is lower for Arabs. The laws relating to work permits also state that preference must be given to Arab experts, technicians, and workers.

Those applying for a work permit for Jordan must also submit a health certificate indicating they are fit to work there. Once granted, a work permit is valid for one year, after which it can be renewed.

Closed professions in Jordan

You should also be aware that there is a list of closed professions in the country. By law, only Jordanians may work in these occupations, which include jobs in textile manufacturing, agriculture, medicine, engineering, and direct sales. There are currently more than 30 occupations on the list, and this is designed to improve the unemployment situation in the country. We'd advise that you consult this list before commencing a job hunt.

Useful links

• Ministry of Labour

* Visa requirements can change at short notice, and expats should contact their respective embassy or consulate for the latest details.

With the country’s rapidly expanding telecommunications industry, keeping in touch in Jordan is easier than ever. From typing out a quick text message and posting photos on social media to sending a handwritten letter or parcel by post, you’ll have a variety of convenient and affordable ways to contact your loved ones back home.

Internet in Jordan

Jordan has a high internet penetration rate compared to many other Middle Eastern countries. Although getting access to the internet is easy, expats from highly developed countries may find the speed a little slow, but this is improving. It is, at least, slightly above the average speed of other countries in the Middle East and Africa. WiFi hotspots are easy to find in big cities, as are internet cafés.

Internet censorship in Jordan

Jordan is considered partially free when it comes to internet censorship, and most websites can be visited easily. However, a law passed in 2012 made it a legal requirement for all news websites to apply for and obtain a government licence – without this licence, access to the website is blocked, and charges are pressed against the offending news outlet. This has been seen as a move towards covert censorship.

In 2023, the government enacted a cybercrime law that allows law enforcement officials to prosecute citizens for posting negative information about the country, online bullying, posting inappropriate content, etc. Expats are encouraged to ensure that the content they post cannot be used against them in a criminal case, which could lead to hefty fines or even jail time. 

Mobile phones in Jordan

As is the trend worldwide, mobile phone use has long overtaken landline phone use in Jordan. Expats can sign up for either a prepaid or postpaid plan. Some postpaid plans include a set number of free international minutes, which can be particularly useful for those wanting to keep in touch with friends and family back home.

If you are bringing a mobile phone that was purchased in another country, you should be aware that it may be locked to a particular network.

Postal services in Jordan

The Jordan Post is a state-owned countrywide postal service. They are generally considered reliable, but it is recommended that important documents or packages be sent through one of the international courier companies operating in Jordan.

The healthcare system in Jordan is widely praised, and if you're an expat who is accustomed to receiving a high standard of medical care back home, you are sure to be equally impressed with the expertise of Jordanian doctors.

The cost of treatment in Jordan is considerably lower than what many expats may be used to. It is estimated that having a procedure done in Jordan costs, on average about 10 to 30 percent less than the same procedure would cost in the US. This has made the country a popular destination for medical tourism; currently, it is one of the most highly praised medical tourism destinations in the Middle East and North Africa.

It should be noted that although excellent facilities are available in Jordan, they are mainly located in its capital city, Amman. Doctors can usually speak English well, and many Jordanian doctors have studied in the West.

Public healthcare in Jordan

Public hospitals in Jordan often have up-to-date technology at their disposal and are serviced by knowledgeable doctors. However, like many other public healthcare systems around the world, the Jordanian public sector faces its share of problems. In the past, the chief complaint among those using the service has been long waiting times, but lately, this issue has escalated.

Useful links

• Jordan Ministry of Health – List of Public Hospitals

Private healthcare in Jordan

While the public sector typically offers medical treatment equal to the quality of treatment offered in the private sector, many expats prefer to use private healthcare facilities. Expats regularly find that some public hospitals can be a bit sparse in terms of comfort and privacy, so those who can afford it frequently feel that private facilities are more pleasant. In addition, waiting periods tend to be much shorter at private hospitals.

Jordan's private healthcare system is known for offering superior cardiovascular, oncology, and ophthalmology services. Many patients from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and neighbouring countries often venture to Jordan for treatments in these specialities.

Health insurance in Jordan

Public healthcare in Jordan is funded by the government and mandatory contributions from the country's workforce. A monthly deduction is taken from the salaries of all employees in Jordan. These employees are then granted access to social security, which entitles them to free or subsidised healthcare.

Although treatment in the private sector is still a fraction of the cost of the same treatment in other countries, most expats nevertheless take out health insurance to cover the costs incurred. Expats under an international insurance policy should ensure that their coverage is comprehensive, and if living outside of Amman, it is recommended that expats choose a policy that includes emergency transport to Amman.

In emergencies, treatment in Jordan is free of charge as long as the patient doesn't require hospitalisation. This applies to Jordanians as well as foreign nationals. Private health insurance is nevertheless recommended in case hospitalisation is required.

Pharmacies in Jordan

There are many pharmacies throughout Jordan, some of which are open after hours. Pharmacies will usually have clear signage in both Arabic and English, which is identifiable by a green cross or a mortar and pestle.

Pharmacists can typically dispense basic medical advice, but not all will speak English. Many medications are available over the counter, but expats may be surprised to find that some medicines are restricted – for instance, anything containing codeine can only be purchased using a prescription.

Health hazards in Jordan

Temperatures in Jordan can soar in summer, so expats should drink plenty of water and apply sunblock to avoid dehydration, heat exhaustion and sunburn.

The region has been considered malaria-free for over a decade and has a relatively low incidence of tuberculosis and HIV. Nevertheless, appropriate precautions should be taken at all times.

Vaccinations for Jordan

Most people travelling to Jordan will need to have their routine vaccinations. These include the measles, polio, influenza, chickenpox, and shingles vaccines. Hepatitis A and B vaccinations are also recommended for travellers from most regions.

There is also a risk of typhoid spread through food and water. It's recommended that you get a typhoid vaccine before entering Jordan. Expats must also be aware that there is a high risk of rabies in Jordan; we encourage you to protect yourself and avoid touching unfamiliar animals.

Emergency services in Jordan

The response time of ambulances in Jordan is close to the global average of around seven minutes. Expats can dial the general emergency number (911) or the ambulance and fire emergency number (199) for medical assistance.

The standard of education and schools in Jordan are considered one of the best in the Arab world. While this may be the case, the language barrier usually deters expat parents from enrolling their children in local public schools.

That said, very young children can adopt a new language much faster than teens or adults. Learning Arabic and growing up alongside local children can help them assimilate culturally, making public schools a useful option for those planning to stay in Jordan for the long haul.

Private international schools are generally the first choice for globally mobile families or those with older children or teens.

Public schools in Jordan

Those who are able to enrol their children in Jordanian public schools will find that the country's model of education is advanced. Public schools are free to attend, and school books are usually also supplied at no cost.

Schooling is divided into primary school and secondary school. Mandatory school attendance is from ages 6 to 16. The education system in Jordan consists of:

• Pre-primary education (non-compulsory pre-school education before 6)
• Basic education (6 to 16)
• Secondary education (16 to 18)

Islamic Studies is a compulsory subject for Muslim students in secondary school. Once students turn 16, they can leave school or continue for another two years. If they choose to continue, there are two possible streams to follow:

1. the academic stream, which prepares students for university;
2. the vocational stream, which prepares students for community colleges or the job market.

Useful links

• Jordan Ministry of Education

International schools in Jordan

Despite the sometimes astronomical fees of international schools, most expat parents choose this route. This makes it possible for children to be educated in English or the language of their home country, often in a curriculum that is familiar to them. Various curricula are on offer, from American, French, and British to the globally recognised International Baccalaureate. This results in as little disruption of the child's education as possible, and the continuity can be reassuring in a situation where so many other things are different and new.

There are more than 20 international schools in Jordan and a large expat population, so placements at these schools are limited. Parents should start the application process early. Schools might require your children to write entry tests and will likely request reports from previous schools or recommendations. They may also require them to come into the school for an interview.

Special-needs education in Jordan

Although there has been some progress in the realm of special-needs education in Jordan over the past couple of decades, the infrastructure is still somewhat inadequate for dealing with a broad spectrum of disabilities.

Special education services are extended to a small minority of the population that needs some extra support. Accordingly, the vast majority of students with behavioural and physical disabilities are educated at home with very minimal professional support afforded to them or their families.

While Jordanian society may be more progressive than some Middle Eastern countries, there is still a stigma attached to disability, which prevents many families from seeking the assistance they require.

Useful links

• Jordan Ministry of Education – Department of Special Education

Tutors in Jordan

If you're looking to provide your child with some extra academic support, you should start by enquiring at the child's school about reputable private tutors. It will be important to find a tutor familiar with the particular curriculum the student is following. The private tutoring industry in Jordan may not be as well established as in other countries. Still, you can find a good offering of qualified professionals, especially in big cities such as Amman.

Useful links

• TeacherOn
• Apprentus

The options for getting around in Jordan are limited. Most roads are in good condition, but unpredictable Jordanian drivers make getting behind the wheel less than appealing. Meanwhile, the country's mountainous terrain largely rules out cycling and walking as forms of transport.

Taxis are popular with locals and expats alike and are useful for everyday transport, while buses are ideal for getting from city to city.

Public transport in Jordan

While Jordan is a highly developed country in areas such as education and health, its public transport infrastructure is lacking. Nevertheless, with some planning and patience, it is possible to get from point A to point B using public transport.

Trains

There is only one passenger train in operation in Jordan: a steam train running along the Hedjaz Jordan Railway, which goes daily from Amman to Damascus in Syria and back. With the railway's long and fascinating history, a trip along this route is more for the experience of the ride rather than any practical use.

Mini buses

Mini buses are shared taxis that carry seven to nine passengers. They are known locally as servees and can be frustrating to use as they do not follow regular timetables. Rather, drivers will wait until they have a full complement of passengers. While this is not too inconvenient on popular and well-used routes where mini buses will fill up quickly, if you're planning to take more obscure routes, you will usually be in for a long wait. Once a minibus is full, it will depart and generally only stop if a passenger asks them to.

Buses

JETT buses are the best option if you're looking for a bus service that adheres to a schedule. Apart from the benefit of predictable and reliable timing, JETT buses also offer passengers a comfortable journey with air conditioning and toilets onboard.

Useful links

• Hejaz Railway
• JETT

Taxis in Jordan

Taxis are a popular and cost-effective way of getting around Jordan. They are the main form of transport for many in Jordan, especially in Amman. Taxis are typically yellow with green Arabic writing.

Expats should be aware that taxi fares in Jordan are anything but straightforward. Firstly, prices are typically in fils, not dinars – and taxi drivers are unlikely to correct anyone who mistakenly pays in dinars.

If the taxi has a meter, ensure the driver turns it on, as this will usually be cheaper than paying a set price. Although metered taxis are abundant in Amman, taxis in the rest of Jordan seldom have meters, which is necessary to negotiate a flat fare before getting into the taxi.

When negotiating a fare for a group, taxi drivers are notorious for quoting a seemingly low price for the ride and later claiming that the quoted price was per person. Be sure to clarify this before accepting.

Ride-hailing apps like Uber and Careem are hugely popular in Jordan. Many expats will find this to be the most cost-effective way of travelling by taxi in the country. These apps can also help you overcome the language barrier since you can book a ride through an app or website.

Useful links

• Jordan Cab
• Uber
• Careem

Driving in Jordan

Driving in Jordan is not for the faint of heart. Although most roads are in good condition and signposted in Arabic and English, Jordanian drivers have a reputation for driving erratically and unpredictably.

The roads are full of hazards, from unmarked speed bumps to wandering livestock – in fact, livestock collisions are one of the most common causes of car accidents in Jordan.

The roads are poorly lit at night, and many local drivers believe that driving without headlights makes it easier to see. Therefore, it is inadvisable to drive after dark unless absolutely necessary.

Driving licences in Jordan

Expats from certain countries can simply exchange their foreign driving licences for a local driving licence if their home countries have exchange agreements with Jordan. If your home country doesn't have an exchange agreement with Jordan, you must secure a local driving licence within six months of moving to Jordan.

You will need to take and pass a driving test at a certified driving school to secure a local driving licence. Additionally, expats must prepare copies of their passports, resident permits if they have one, a certificate of good conduct, as well as their foreign driving licence or international driving permit.

Useful links

• Jordan Driving and Vehicle Licences Department

Cycling in Jordan

Cycling in Jordan can be hazardous. Not only do motorists lack knowledge of cycle safety, but there is little to no cycling infrastructure in even the most developed parts of the country. Jordan's hot and stifling weather, along with the hilly landscape, also make cycling difficult.

Jordan embassies

• Embassy of Jordan, Washington, DC, United States: +1 202 966 2664
• Embassy of Jordan, London, United Kingdom: +44 20 7937 3685
• Embassy of Jordan, Ottawa, Canada: +1 613 238 8090
• Embassy of Jordan, Canberra, Australia: +61 2 6295 9951
• Embassy of Jordan, Pretoria, South Africa: +27 12 346 8615

Foreign embassies in Jordan

• United States Embassy, Amman: +962 6 590 6000
• British Embassy, Amman: +962 6 590 9200
• Canadian Embassy, Amman: +962 6 590 1500
• Australian Embassy, Amman: +962 6 580 7000
• South African Embassy, Amman: +962 6 592 1194
• Irish Honorary Consulate, Amman: +962 6 590 3200