Managing your money, banking, and taxes in Peru will be relatively easy thanks to the country's modern banking system which is regulated by the Central Reserve Bank of Peru. Peru’s banking system underwent privatisation during the 1990s, expanding the number of options available to both locals and expats living in the country.

Money in Peru

The official currency is the Sol (PEN), which is divided into 100 céntimos and represented by the symbol S/.

• Notes: PEN 10, PEN 20, PEN 50, PEN 100 and PEN 200
• Coins: PEN 1, PEN 2 and PEN 5 and 5 céntimos, 10 céntimos, 20 céntimos and 50 céntimos.

US dollars are widely accepted in Peru, but the exchange rate on these is usually poor. Day-to-day transactions may also be difficult to make in US dollars, as many small shops are only used to trading in soles.

Banking in Peru

Expats will find that banking in Peru is relatively easy. Both local and international banks operate in the country, and most Peruvian banks offer modern facilities and services.

You should be aware that there have been some issues with counterfeit foreign currency in the country, particularly US dollars, so it’s best to exchange your money at a legitimate establishment.

Banking hours vary, but most branches are open between 9am to 1pm and 3pm to 6pm Monday to Saturday. Some banks are also open on Sunday for a limited number of hours.

Opening a bank account

Foreigners can open a bank account in the local currency or in some foreign currencies, including dollars. To open a Peruvian bank account, you must provide your passport and have a foreign residence card. Proof of address and income may also be required.

Peru has modern banking facilities, including cellphone and internet banking services, allowing you to avoid wasting time in long bank queues. Peruvian bank charges can be quite high, as most banks charge for every transaction, so you should shop around and compare rates when deciding which bank to open an account with. 

ATMs and credit cards

ATMs are available across the country, with the largest concentration found in the larger tourist cities. They are typically found inside bank branches, shopping centres, and near the main square. 

ATMs are also available in some pharmacies. However, foreign bank cards are not always accepted in ATMs, so it's best to check before trying to draw cash.

Rural Peru remains a largely cash-based society, and credit cards aren't a typical means of payment. That said, credit cards are accepted in major shops, restaurants, and hotels in Peruvian cities. The most commonly accepted credit cards in Peru are Visa and Mastercard. American Express cards may also be accepted at luxury hotels and upscale restaurants. 

Taxes in Peru

Peruvian residents pay tax on a progressive scale on their worldwide income, while non-residents are only taxed at a 30-percent flat rate on income earned in Peru. You're considered a tax resident in Peru if you've been in the country for at least 183 days in a 12-month period. These days don't have to be consecutive.  

Peru's personal income tax rates range from a sliding scale of 8 to 30 percent. The country also has double taxation treaties with several countries that allow expats to pay tax only in one country. As expat tax matters can be complicated, it's best to seek professional advice from a tax expert.

Getting around Peru is relatively easy and inexpensive. Owing to its varied and unique terrain of mountains, deserts and rainforests, travelling around the country can be an interesting (though sometimes tricky and time-consuming) experience.

Peru offers many forms of public transport. If you're adventurous, you can find everything from buses, trains, and rickshaws to colectivos. The best part about transport and driving in Peru is that most modes of transit are fairly affordable, contributing to the country's lower cost of living. 

Public transport in Peru

Trains

The rail system in Peru is privatised and operated by PeruRail. Although not the most practical or efficient way of getting around Peru, trains offer the scenic route. Several train services run charter routes that you can book in advance. These private services offer an excellent experience, with onboard snack carts. The most popular train route connects Cusco with the Sacred Valley and Machu Picchu.

Buses

Buses offer a relatively cheap means of getting around Peru, and the country is continuously investing in expanding its bus terminals and upgrading its fleets. Still, buses are often overcrowded and slow, so it's recommended that you get to the station early when boarding a local bus to ensure you get a seat. 

Numerous private companies are also available, and many of these companies operate their own bus stations. Some top bus companies in Peru include Peru Hop, Cruz del Sur, and Civa. 

For long-distance buses, it’s possible to book tickets online for express buses or buy tickets directly from the bus company offices. These buses typically have a toilet onboard, are air-conditioned, and will serve snacks throughout the trip. 

Rickshaws

Known as trici-taxis in Peru, rickshaws are a unique, fun, and cheap way of getting around Peru's smaller coastal towns. These typically cover shorter distances and are a great alternative to walking or using colectivos. You should negotiate and agree on a price with the driver before embarking on a journey to avoid being overcharged. 

Useful links

• PeruRail
• Peru Hop
• Cruz del Sur
• Civa

Taxis in Peru

Taxis are plentiful in Peruvian towns and cities. The taxi industry is not thoroughly regulated, though, and many private vehicles also operate as taxis. Few taxis are metered, so it’s best to negotiate the fare before starting your ride.

There have been some issues with unregistered taxis taking advantage of unsuspecting foreigners, and even using taxis to carry out crimes, so you should be cautious when hailing a taxi off the street. Ordering a taxi ahead of time over the phone may be a pricier option, but it is also a safer one.

Colectivos

Colectivos are shared minibus taxis operating along fixed routes between Peruvian towns and cities. They are often ageing vehicles with questionable safety records. They also tend to be overcrowded, and drivers have a reputation for driving erratically.

Some ride-hailing apps, such as Uber, are also available in larger cities and are usually more convenient, as they circumvent any possible language barriers and payment issues.

Useful links

• Gringo Taxis
• Taxidatum
• Uber Lima

Driving in Peru

If you live in a Peruvian metropolis, it’s normally quite easy to get around using public transport, and a private vehicle is unnecessary. That said, many expats choose to have a car, especially if they want to explore more of the country.

Roads are generally in poor condition and driving standards in Peru are bad. Traffic can be horrendous in the cities, especially in Lima, and accidents occur frequently.

Travelling at night can also be risky due to crime, especially in rural areas. Outside the main cities and towns, many roads are unpaved, and a four-wheel-drive vehicle may be necessary.

Driving licences in Peru

Expats can drive in Peru on their foreign driving licence for 183 days. After this, you must obtain a Peruvian driving licence. We recommend securing an International Driver's Permit (IDP) before leaving your home country to enable seamless translation of your driving licence to Spanish. 

Although Peru has licence exchange agreements with several countries, the process for exchanging a driving licence is time consuming and expensive, making it easier and cheaper to start the process from scratch in Peru. To secure a Peruvian driving licence, you will need your carné (Peruvian ID card) and must pass a medical examination, written test, and practical driving test. 

Useful links

• Ministry of Transport and Communications

Air travel in Peru

Due to the country’s size and vast distances, flying between cities in Peru is often more convenient than other forms of transport. Some towns are only accessible by plane. 

Jorge Chavez International Airport, located just outside Lima, is the country’s main air hub. Various international carriers have regular services to and from Peru, while the main air carriers operating within the country include LAN, Star Peru and LC Peru.

If you're moving to Peru with children, you can rest assured that they'll receive a decent education. Not only is Peru’s public school system considered to be among the best in Latin America, but there are also plenty of international schools in Peru to choose from – a popular choice with expats, due to the language barrier.

Public schools in Peru

The public education and schooling system in Peru generally offers a good level of education, though it is somewhat underfunded. Schooling in Peru is compulsory for children from age 6 to 16, with public schooling free for all Peruvians.

Public schools follow the local Peruvian curriculum, with instruction in Spanish. Some public schools in rural areas also have instruction in a local language, such as Quechua.

The Peruvian education system is split into three levels:

• primary (ages 6 to 11)
• secondary (ages 12 to 16)
• technical/vocational education (ages 16 to 18)

Children in the primary and secondary levels follow a general curriculum. After completing primary and secondary schooling, children have the option of following an academic or technical route at the technical/vocational level. This is offered through technological institutions, most of which are private, but still overseen by the Ministry of Education.

The usual school week is from Monday to Friday, with the school day from around 8am to 2pm. The school year runs from March to December and is split into two semesters.

Useful links

• Ministry of Education – School Enrolment

Private schools in Peru

There are several private schools in Peru, though fewer than public or international schools. These schools follow the Peruvian curriculum and teach in Spanish. Many private schools in Peru also offer bilingual instruction in Spanish and English.

Private schools are not free and may charge high fees, though there are some low-fee private schools available. Many schools are run through religious organisations, while others are cooperatively managed by a private board and financed by fees. Most private schools are located closer to big cities, such as Lima, so if you would like to send your children to one of these schools, you should carefully consider where you decide to live.

International schools in Peru

Attending an international school is often a good choice for expats. The language barrier in local schools can be a big problem, and the International Baccalaureate (IB) programme ensures children can continue schooling in other countries as well. International schools also have better funding than local institutions, offering children better educational resources.

There are several international schools in Peru. Most of these schools are based in Lima, but some can be found in Arequipa. International schools generally teach in Spanish and English, and either follow the Peruvian curriculum or IB. In some cases, curricula from other countries may also be taught.

International schools are typically pricier than other schools, and they can be rather exclusive, so expat parents should apply ahead of time.

Read International Schools in Peru to see our list of the top schools in Peru.

Special-needs education in Peru

Most government schools in Peru do not have educational programmes for those with special needs. In rural areas especially, students with learning disabilities are often overlooked, since the teaching force here is already stretched rather thin in most cases. Remedial classrooms are available in grades one and two, but there is no additional support after these grades.

Several institutes with special programmes do exist in urban areas, where students get individualised attention and regular support. There are also programmes aiming to recruit volunteers to help educate children with learning disabilities.

Private and international schools, like Centro Ann Sullivan del Peru, frequently have much better resources to help expat children with special needs. It's best to contact these institutions directly to find out about the level of support they offer. 

Useful links

• Centro Ann Sullivan del Peru

Tutors in Peru

Private tutoring can help any expat child adapt to a new educational system or with a specific subject. The individual attention afforded by a tutor can be just what a child needs to integrate and succeed. Tutors can also be a good way for expat kids to bridge the language barrier, by teaching them Spanish.

Although tutor companies in Peru can be somewhat scarce, many online resources are available, such as Apprentus or TeacherOn. If you're looking for a reputable in-person service, HiPerú is one of the most highly rated in the country. 

Useful links

• Apprentus
• TeacherOn
• HiPerú

Tertiary education in Peru

Peru has a wide selection of private and public universities. The quality of education is reasonably high, with Spanish as the main language of tuition. Most institutions require three years of study and afford graduates certification as technical professionals. Private universities may have their own structure, so you should research the available programmes to ensure you are enrolled in a programme that corresponds with your needs.

The country also offers specialised technical higher institutes for agriculture and engineering, higher pedagogical institutes focusing on training teachers, and higher postgraduate centres that are comparable to university branch facilities.

Peru has a rich heritage influenced by a melting pot of ethnicities. The country has historically been an important political and cultural centre of Latin America, as the seat of the Inca Empire and the entry point for the Spanish conquistadores.

Expats should find it fairly easy to adjust to the local culture in Peru. Peruvians, in general, are reserved, peaceful, warm and welcoming to foreigners. Mestizos (those of Amerindian and European ancestry) form the majority of the population, with smaller groups of Amerindians (mostly Quechua and Aymaras), and those of European, Asian (mostly Chinese and Japanese) and African ancestry.

Time in Peru

The lifestyle in Peru is highly influenced by where you choose to live but, generally, the country has a laid-back lifestyle. Family plays a significant role in the lives of Peruvians, so the biggest meals of the day are usually enjoyed at large gatherings of relatives.

In some parts of Peru, the traditional siesta is still observed, with workers returning home in the middle of the day, eating lunch with their families and taking a nap to wait out the midday heat. This isn't commonly observed in large cities like Lima, but can be seen in some small communities.

In general, dinner times tend to be rather late, and friends and families will often gather at a local restaurant or bar for this meal.

Language barrier in Peru

Spanish and Quechua, Peru's indigenous language, are the country's two official languages. Spanish is the most popular language, while numerous indigenous languages are also spoken in more rural areas. You will find that learning Spanish is essential for integrating into life in Peru. While some Peruvians in the corporate sphere in cities such as Lima and the tourist city of Cusco may speak English, the average Peruvian will not.

Food and drinks in Peru

The cuisine in Peru is a fascinating blend of indigenous and Spanish flavours, alongside influences from the country’s Chinese, European and African populations.

Potatoes, corn, legumes, quinoa, and local chilli pepper (uchu) are the staples of Peruvian dishes. Thanks to Peru’s long coastline, fish and shellfish are also popular. One of the country’s most famous dishes is ceviche, which is raw fish marinated in lemon juice. You may be surprised to learn that guinea pig (cuy) is a staple in Peru. It’s usually served fried or baked as part of a casserole.

There are a few interesting local beverages to enjoy. Chicha morada is a drink made from purple maize and flavoured with cloves, cinnamon, and sugar, served cold. Pisco, a type of brandy, is the traditional drink of Peru. It’s used to make pisco sour, a delicious cocktail of pisco mixed with lime juice, egg white, and sugar.

Meeting and greeting in Peru

Peruvians are generally friendly, and the usual greeting is a handshake. A kiss on the cheek is common among acquaintances, but not among strangers. Indigenous Peruvians are typically quite reserved. It’s common for them not to greet each other and to avoid direct eye contact.

LGBTQ+ in Peru

Although LGBTQ+ rights are legally recognised in Peru, the country's society is largely conservative and Catholic. Attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community in the country are rooted in religion, so those who identify as members of the LGBTQ+ community may face some discrimination in the country. 

That said, Peru is also home to one of South America's most LGBTQ-friendly cities, Lima. If you're moving to the capital city, you will find many gay bars and a more welcoming community. It's best to avoid public displays of affection in rural areas, as this could be met with contempt. 

Women in Peru

Peru's society still holds traditional gender stereotypes, which has led to the under-representation of women in workplaces and leadership roles. The country also deals with high levels of gender-based violence and femicide. Women moving to Peru are advised to avoid walking alone at night. 

You should also be aware that you might receive unwanted attention from the local men, but this is more of a nuisance than a safety threat, particularly in the tourist areas. We recommend that you exercise all common sense precautions to ensure you stay safe.

Accommodation in Peru is generally quite affordable, and there are a variety of options depending on your lifestyle and budget. The range and quality of accommodation vary considerably depending on where you choose to settle. 

Housing in cities, particularly Lima, is far pricier than in smaller towns. While apartments are the most common type of accommodation for city-dwelling expats, freestanding houses are often more popular in rural areas.

Types of accommodation in Peru

Most expats in Peru live in one of the larger cities and choose accommodation in the form of apartments. Houses are usually rare, but if you're looking for more space and a garden, you may be able to find a bigger property if you're prepared to pay more.

In general, you should expect to pay more for accommodation that is closer to the city centre and near public transport routes. Those cities and areas popular among expats also tend to be the most expensive. Residential complexes on the outskirts of cities can be perfect for expats, with a variety of apartments and houses with relatively up-to-date amenities.

Safety and security are important considerations when choosing accommodation in Peru. Crime is a concern in Peruvian cities, and house break-ins occur frequently. You should opt for secure accommodation, preferably with 24/7 security and an alarm system. Apartments on the upper floors are also more secure.

Furnished vs unfurnished

Apartments can be furnished, semi-furnished or unfurnished, with the latter being the most common. Furnished apartments may include basic furniture and appliances, while unfurnished accommodation will likely not have any appliances at all.

Short lets

As Peru's tourism industry continues to grow, the short lets market in the country is also developing. Platforms like Airbnb and Sublet are great for renting short-term accommodation at largely affordable rates. Short lets allow new arrivals to Peru to get to know different areas and suburbs before committing to a long-term lease.

An added advantage of short lets is that they are typically fully furnished, and the rental cost will include utilities like water, electricity, and WiFi at a lower price than traditional hotels. 

Finding accommodation in Peru

Online property portals are extremely helpful when it comes to looking for accommodation. Most local newspapers and their electronic counterparts also have listings of available accommodation to rent.

Many estate agents are operating in Peru, and they are a good source of information and assistance when it comes to finding accommodation. Local agents can also guide expats through the entire rental procedure, which may be different from what they are used to. Many landlords do not speak English, so you should bring a trusted friend along, or enlist the help of an estate agent when viewing accommodation.

Useful links

• Fazwaz
• Expats in Peru

Renting accommodation in Peru

Many expats find the renting process in Peru unfamiliar. The language barrier can also be a big hurdle to overcome, so you should consider using an estate agent who can speak both English and Spanish.

Making an application

The first step to renting accommodation in Peru is to search for property vacancies and to view apartments in person to ensure the pictures of the property align with its actual condition. To apply for a rental property in the country, you must submit proof of legal residence, proof of income, and a copy of your Carné (Peruvian ID card for foreigners). 

Leases

Two types of leases exist in Peru: fixed-term and indefinite-term leases. Fixed-term leases require the tenant and landlord to adhere to the contract for a pre-specified time. These leases can be signed for up to 10 years, so you should read the terms of your contract carefully before making a deal.

Indefinite-term leases offer a bit more leeway. These contracts can be suspended at any time, as long as the agreed-upon notice is given. The notice period is usually one month, but it can be longer or shorter, depending on what was arranged with the owner.

Deposits

A security deposit of up to three months’ rent is often required to secure a property. The deposit ensures that the property is not damaged while the tenant lives there. If no damage is done to the property during the rental period, expats can get their deposit back. In case the property is damaged in any way, the amount for the repairs will be taken from the deposit and the rest can be returned.

Utilities in Peru

When renting a property in Peru, you should ensure you sign a rental contract that clearly lists the responsibilities of both the landlord and tenant, including an inventory and which utilities are included. Water, electricity and other utilities are not always included in the rental price and may be an additional expense for the tenant.

Electricity and gas

Electricity is largely used in urban areas, while some rural areas are not connected to the grid. Households that are not connected to the grid will generally use agricultural heating sources such as firewood for cooking and generators as a light source. 

The electricity market in Peru is deregulated and is provided by government and private companies. Enel Generación Perú (Edegel) is the largest power generation company in Peru. To connect electricity in Peru, you will need to provide proof of residence and identification, as well as a deposit. 

Piped natural gas supply is only available in certain areas of Peru. If you're moving to Lima, Callao, Ica, and Piuara, these areas are served by different companies, including Calidda and Quavii. Similarly to electricity, you must submit an application form, proof of residence, and identity documents to request a gas connection. 

Water

Local municipalities supply the drinking water in Peru. Access to safe drinking water in Peru is limited, with approximately 50 percent of the population having access to managed drinking water. The drinking water in Peru is largely considered unsafe to drink, so most residents buy bottled water. 

In Lima, SEDAPAL manages water and wastewater treatment in the city. You can visit the department's website to request a connection and make bill payments. 

Bins and recycling

Waste is collected weekly in Peru's urban areas. Although municipalities are responsible for waste management in the country's cities, most of them have limited resources, which can lead to inconsistent collections and illegal dumping. Recycling efforts in the country are expanding but remain limited. Much of the recycling in the country is limited to the informal waste pickers who collect and separate waste for an income. 

Internet

Keeping in touch with your loved ones back home is fairly easy in Peru. Several public places in Lima offer WiFi. Some top internet service providers in Peru include Movistar, Claro, and Entel. With satellite and cable TV available, you will have access to more than 100 international TV channels in Peru.

Useful links

• Edegel
• SEDAPAL
• Cálidda
• Quavii
• Movistar
• Claro
• Entel

Located on South America's west coast, Peru boasts not only a large portion of the Amazon rainforest but also staggeringly beautiful beaches, majestic mountainscapes and plenty of ancient ruins, including Machu Picchu. Besides luring plenty of tourists, Peru and its capital city of Lima, in particular, have also become popular expat destinations of late.

If you're moving to Peru, you will need to pick up some Peruvian Spanish to get by outside international business circles. Although increasing numbers of young adults can speak English thanks to globalised youth culture, the language is rarely spoken outside large cities like Lima.

Living in Peru as an expat

Due to Peru’s intricate history, the population is a mixture of ethnicities and heritages. As a newcomer to the country, you may be surprised to find that the country is a melting pot of languages, cuisines, and cultures, including Chinese, Spanish and Amerindian, to name a few.

As one of the largest cities in the Americas, the sprawling metropolis of Lima is home to over 11 million people. In fact, the city is home to a third of Peru's population, including a sizeable multi-ethnic expat community working in the many multinational companies based here. Lima is also a major financial centre in Latin America, generating over 50 percent of Peru’s GDP. If you're skilled in mining, manufacturing and tourism, you will find ample opportunities in the country. The demand for English teachers is also increasing. 

Decent accommodation in Peru is generally affordable. Several areas and suburbs are well suited to cater to the needs of working professionals and expats, but freestanding houses are somewhat rare. Residential complexes on the outskirts of large cities often have some of the best choices available for new arrivals.

You should remember that despite Peru's relatively strong economy and multinational influences, it is still a developing country. The country has a limited public transport network, which mainly consists of buses and taxis. 

A rail network exists, but it is more practical for tourists. If you have your own car, you can typically explore the country more freely, but roads are largely in poor conditions, especially outside big cities. Air travel is a practical means of transport, considering the country’s size.

Public healthcare in Peru is frequently underfunded and understaffed. Cities have better amenities than rural areas, but even here, expats generally prefer private institutions. The country has public healthcare, called Segura Integral de Salud (SIS) and EsSalud, but as most expats do, you'll likely take out private or international healthcare to ensure coverage.

Cost of living in Peru

The cost of living in Peru is largely cheaper than in the US and Europe, especially for locally produced foodstuffs and services such as domestic help. That said, new arrivals should factor in the expenses of hiring taxis or buying a car, as public transport is usually rather limited. Private or international school fees are another expense to consider for those moving to Peru with children. 

Families and children in Peru

Public schooling in Peru is mostly of good quality, though many schools are underfunded. Tuition is mainly in Spanish, with local languages such as Quechua offered in more rural areas. There's a number of good private and international schools in the country, and the choice of tertiary education is wide and often of high quality.

Peru offers a range of colourful experiences and activities. Families can explore the rich historical sites or trek through the beautiful natural landscape. Large cities like Lima and Cusco offer many interesting things for newcomers to explore, including interesting tours and myriad exotic foods.

Climate in Peru

The country has a climate that varies across its different regions. With dry desert climates across its coastal regions and freezing temperatures in its mountainous regions, the climate in Peru may take some getting used to. The more tropical regions also experience a reasonable amount of rainfall during the wet season.

Most expats who move to Peru instantly fall in love with this corner of South America. With warm and friendly locals, some of the most picturesque landscapes in the world, a rich history and a good standard of living, it's no surprise. New arrivals can enjoy a low cost of living and a truly unique expat experience.

Fast facts

Population: About 34 million

Capital city: Lima 

Neighbouring countries: Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil

Geography: While a mostly mountainous country, Peru is extremely diverse in its geography, with the Pacific Ocean to the west. There are three natural zones. The Costa (coastal) region is a narrow coastal plain consisting of large tracts of desert broken by fertile valleys. The Andes are in the Sierra highlands, with peaks towering over 6,000m (20,000ft). The fertile Selva (jungle) area lies between the Andes and the borders with Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, and Ecuador. 

Political system: Presidential constitutional republic

Major religion: Roman Catholic 

Main languages: The main language is Spanish, with Aymara and Quechua mostly spoken in the rural areas

Money: The Peruvian Nuevo Sol (PEN) is divided into 100 céntimos

Tipping: Some restaurants add a service charge of between five percent and 10 percent, but waiters can be offered an additional 10 percent for exceptional service. Taxi drivers are not tipped, but tour guides are.

Time: GMT-5 

Electricity: 220V, 60Hz. Two-pronged plugs with flat blades and plugs with two round prongs are used.

Internet domain: .pe

International dialling code: +51

Emergency contacts: 105 (police), 116 (fire), 117 (ambulance)

Transport and driving: Driving is on the right-hand side, and public transport is available, with buses and taxis being the most popular forms. Locals often drive erratically in Peru, so driving defensively is recommended if you plan to drive while living in the country.

Peruvian Embassies

• Peruvian Embassy, Washington, DC, United States: +1 202 833 9860
• Peruvian Embassy, London, United Kingdom: +44 20 7235 3802
• Peruvian Embassy, Ottawa, Canada: +1 613 238 1777
• Peruvian Embassy, Canberra, Australia: +61 2 6273 7351
• Peruvian Embassy, Pretoria, South Africa: +27 12 440 1030
• Peruvian Consulate, Dublin, Ireland: +353 1 567 6951
• Peruvian Embassy, Santiago, Chile: +56 2 2940 2900
• Peruvian Embassy, Wellington, New Zealand: +64 4 213 8943

Foreign embassies in Peru

• United States Embassy, Lima: +51 1 618 2000
• British Embassy, Lima: +51 1 617 3000
• Canadian Embassy, Lima: +51 1 319 3200
• Australian Embassy, Lima: +51 1 630 0500
• South African Embassy, Lima: +51 1 440 9996
• Irish Honorary Consulate, Lima: +51 1 222 5252
• New Zealand Honorary Consulate, Lima: +51 993 158 934

Safety in Peru is not a major concern compared to other Latin American countries. That said, you should stay vigilant, as crime does occur in both rural and urban areas, and civil unrest can cause disruptions.

Crime in Peru

Crime is a problem in the main cities, including Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa. Petty crimes, such as mugging and pickpocketing, occur frequently in crowded tourist areas and on public transport, while more serious crimes, such as robberies, are also frequent in big metros.

The city also has an issue with unregistered taxi drivers taking advantage of unsuspecting foreigners. It is best to order a taxi ahead of time rather than hail one directly off the street, or opt for a ride-hailing service such as Uber.

Protests in Peru

Protests are common in Peruvian cities and towns, and can be disruptive, particularly for commuters. It’s not uncommon for protest action to carry on for days or weeks, so it’s best to keep abreast of developments. Although they are mostly peaceful, it’s best to avoid any demonstrations. 

The Peruvian government might declare a state of emergency during civil unrest or security incidents. The national police will typically have increased powers during this time, which may affect personal freedoms. It's essential that you heed any official notices during a state of emergency. 

Terrorism in Peru

The Shining Path is a domestic insurgent group operating within Peru. The organisation is involved in illicit narcotics trading, mainly in the Ayacucho region, and has carried out a few terrorist attacks since its establishment in the early 1980s.

The government has waged a relatively successful campaign against the group. While the organisation was much more active a decade ago, it still occasionally raids and attacks small villages. It’s unlikely that expats will be impacted by Shining Path terrorist activities, but it's best to avoid the areas they are known to operate in.

Transport in Peru

One of the biggest dangers facing newcomers to Peru is road accidents. Fatal crashes are frequent in the country, as drivers ignore stop signs and run traffic lights. It's also common for them to disregard pedestrians, so you should also exercise caution when walking in a crowded area. 

Bus crashes are also fairly common, especially when travelling at night. Be sure to only use reputable transport companies that hire licensed drivers or avoid travelling overnight, particularly in the mountainous and rural regions. 

The weather in Peru is varied due to the country's diverse terrain, which leads to a mixed climate across its different regions. Peru has three climate zones: coastal region (La Costa), Andean region (La Sierra), and the Amazon Rainforest (La Selva). 

The extreme altitude changes of the mountainous landscape mean that one part of the country may be experiencing freezing cold temperatures while the coastal regions have sunny weather.

The Pacific coastal regions have an unusual desert climate and experience little rainfall. Peru's capital, Lima, is located a bit further inland and also has low rainfall. Lima's warm season is from December to April, with average temperatures ranging from 66°F to 81°F (19°C to 27°C). Winter (June to October) temperatures in the city often drop to 60°F (15°C). 

On the other hand, the mountainous and jungle regions experience heavy rains, particularly in the peak wet season from January to March. The drier months in Andean region and Amazon Rainforest are typically from June to September. 

If you're moving to Lima or any of the surrounding areas, you'll likely need lightweight clothing in summer. Warm thermal clothing is essential in the mountainous regions, and waterproof clothing is required in the rainy regions.

Peru's economy continues to grow, providing opportunities for those looking for career progression. Working in Peru is an excellent way to explore Peru's vibrant landscapes and culture while enjoying a gentle cost of living.  

Lima, the capital city of Peru, is the centre of business and has the largest expat community. Some rural areas and smaller towns also offer work opportunities, especially in tourism.

All foreigners working in Peru are required to have a relevant work permit. Those moving to Peru as part of a corporate relocation will likely have one organised for them by their employer.

Job market in Peru

The mining industry especially attracts many foreign companies and workers. Opportunities also exist in agriculture, fisheries, gas- and petroleum exploitation, and manufacturing. Tourism and teaching English are also popular sources of employment among foreigners.

It is not always easy to find work within a Peruvian company. Not only do many companies give locals precedence, but there are also some restrictions on employing foreigners. If you're an expat looking for work in Peru, you're most likely to find work with a foreign-owned company or be transferred to the country as part of corporate relocation. 

Others seek out part-time employment or look for work teaching English at international schools or universities. The demand for English teachers is increasing, particularly in Lima, where locals are keen to learn the language for business dealings or to give their children a leg up.

Useful links

• Peruvian Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion

Finding a job in Peru

Many foreigners are transferred to Peru as part of a corporate relocation within their existing company. If you're already in the country, you'll find that word of mouth is still relevant in Peru and is one of the most common ways to find a job. Local newspapers host job listings in their print and digital versions, with their print versions containing more listings. 

The internet is a good place to start if you're still making your way to Peru. Job portals like Indeed and Laborum Peru greatly benefit jobseekers, while expat groups on social media networks like Facebook are also a viable option. It's also a great idea to identify several companies you would like to work for and monitor their websites for available vacancies.

Useful links

• Indeed Peru
• Laborum Peru
• Expat Jobs in Peru

Work culture in Peru

Peruvians are hardworking people, but family is important to them and work commitments will generally not interfere with family time. Peruvians also have a highly relaxed attitude to time, so it’s not unusual for meetings to start late.

Although many city-dwelling Peruvians can speak English, Spanish is the official and business language of Peru. Speaking Spanish may help you with finding a job and can make adjusting to life in Peru that much easier. 

The workplace in Peru largely follows a hierarchical structure, meaning that the senior management will typically make most of the decisions but will still consider others' opinions. Respect is typically given based on age, status, education, and title. You must also be aware that Peruvians have an indirect style of communication, and prefer avoiding conflict. 

Peru has one of the fastest growing economies in Latin America. The country encourages foreign investment, and expats doing business in Peru are generally made to feel welcome.

With rich deposits of copper, silver, gold, lead and zinc, mining is an important contributor to Peru’s economy. Other crucial sectors include agriculture, fishery, gas- and petroleum exploitation, and manufacturing. The capital, Lima, is the centre of commerce and is where most foreigners do business in Peru.

Peru’s abundance of natural resources, complemented by a stable democracy and strong economic growth, all contribute to a positive environment in which to do business.

Fast facts

Business hours

The business week in the country is Monday to Friday. Business hours are from 9am to 5pm, with an hour lunch break.

Business language

Spanish is the main language of business in Peru. While English may be understood in large corporate enterprises in Lima, it is not widely spoken or understood within the public sector.

Greetings

Men and women in business circles will usually greet each other with a handshake. Friends and close associates may greet each other with a light kiss on each cheek.

Dress

Business dress in Peru is formal and conservative, with business suits being the usual attire.

Gifts

Gifts are not expected at business meetings, but it is common practice to give a gift if invited to a Peruvian home. Flowers, liquor or chocolates are a good option; avoid giving knives or scissors, as these may be interpreted as a severing of the relationship.

Gender equality

Peru is still a traditional, macho culture with conventional gender roles. While there are opportunities for women within the corporate arena, salaries tend to be lower.

Business culture in Peru

As with most Latin American countries, building strong relationships and trust is essential when working in Peru. It’s important to network, as Peruvians prefer to do business with trusted associates. Personal connections often go a long way to securing good work opportunities.

Management style

Peru's business culture is quite formal. Business structures are hierarchical, with decision-making done from the top. There is some consultation with those in lower positions, but this is generally minimal. Those in authority are respected for being experienced and knowledgeable. When doing business in Peru, it’s therefore essential to ensure a meeting with a company’s higher-ups to avoid delays and miscommunications.

Communication style

The communication style in Peru is indirect and rather ambiguous, so it may be difficult to decipher what someone is truly saying. Saving face is critical to Peruvians, and they typically try to avoid causing offence or confrontation. When conversing, a Peruvian may appear to agree with what is being said, even if they don’t really.

Peruvians are largely open, and it’s not unusual for them to stand close together and touch each other on the shoulder or hands while talking.

Business relationships

Building interpersonal relationships is essential, as Peruvians prefer to do business with those they know and trust. You should spend time trying to get to know an associate before any real business is dealt with. In line with this, business meetings will usually start with small talk about matters such as family or football.

Dos and don’ts of doing business in Peru

• Do make small talk when starting a meeting, but avoid topics such as politics and religion
• Do be punctual for meetings, but don’t expect that the Peruvian counterparts will be on time; it’s not unusual for meetings to begin late
• Do try to learn some Spanish, especially if dealing with those within the public sector, as English is not widely spoken outside of city business circles

Healthcare in Peru is inconsistent, particularly in the rural areas, where there are only a few decent facilities. There are public and private healthcare facilities in the country, but expats usually prefer to make use of private healthcare, as public facilities are notoriously inadequate.

Public healthcare in Peru

Public healthcare in Peru is generally poor and insufficient, largely due to a serious lack of funding. Government-funded hospitals have long waiting times, and those with non-urgent health concerns often have to wait months for an appointment.

Basic healthcare is seriously lacking in rural areas, with small, under-resourced clinics providing basic services. It’s unlikely that staff in these facilities can speak English, and any serious medical emergencies may require evacuation to a city with better-equipped facilities.

Private healthcare in Peru

Private healthcare facilities are available in Peru, particularly in Lima and Cusco. These institutions are largely better staffed and equipped than public healthcare and are the preferred option for expats living in Peru.

Private healthcare in Peru is typically quite affordable, but doctors will typically expect cash payment upfront, regardless of a patient’s health insurance. You should confirm this ahead of time when visiting a doctor.

Health insurance in Peru

Public health insurance is available to Peruvian nationals through two systems: Segura Integral de Salud (SIS) and EsSalud. SIS is regulated by the Peruvian Ministry of Health and is largely aimed at the poor and those without health coverage. EsSalud is aimed at the working population and their families, providing healthcare within a specific network of medical facilities.

For easy access to the private system, expats should ensure that they have some form of private health insurance. If you're moving to Peru as part of a corporate relocation package, you should consider the cost of health insurance when negotiating a contract.

Pharmacies in Peru

Pharmacies (botica or farmacia) are plentiful in Peruvian cities, and many are open 24/7. Some larger supermarkets, such as Santa Isabel, also have pharmacies, and most medications are readily available over the counter.

Some larger pharmacy chains in larger cities, like Lima, offer a 24-hour delivery service. You can place your order telephonically and have a courier deliver it to your doorstep. 

Health hazards in Peru

When moving to Peru, you should prepare yourself for altitude sickness, as it's fairly common in the country. Symptoms include headache, nausea, lethargy, and dizziness. If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, you should visit a healthcare professional.

There is some risk of malaria in rural areas of Peru, particularly in the jungle areas east of the Andes Mountains. If you're visiting these areas, you should ensure that you take the advised precautions.

Vaccines for Peru

Several vaccines and booster shots are necessary to enter and live in Peru safely. The USA's Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a health advisory for Oropouche Fever in numerous South American countries, including Peru. The fever is transmitted through bug bites, so we recommend protecting yourself against bug bites, particularly in the tropical areas. 

There have also been reports of Chikungunya and measles in Peru, so you should ensure you receive vaccines or booster shots against these diseases. Other routine vaccinations for Peru include: 

• Chickenpox
• Influenza
• Polio
• Shingles
• MMR
• Covid-19

Emergency services in Peru

Rural areas seriously lack emergency services, but they are available in the larger cities. To reach an ambulance in larger cities like Lima, dial 117.

Hospitals in Lima

Clinica Anglo Americana

Website: www.clinicaangloamericana.pe
Address: Av. Emilio Cavenecia 250, San Isidro 15073

Clinica San Borja

Website: www.sanna.pe/clinicas/san-borja-lima
Address: Av. Guardia Civil 337, San Borja 15036

Clinica el Golf

Website: www.sanna.pe/clinicas/el-golf-lima
Address: Av. Aurelio Miró Quesada 1030, San Isidro 15073