The weather in Colombia varies widely across five natural regions: the Caribbean coast, Pacific coast, Andes mountains, Amazon rainforest, and eastern plains.
The Caribbean coast sees its wettest months from May to November, with a brief respite in July and August. The Andes experience two rainy seasons (April to May and September to November), separated by drier spells. The Pacific coast receives heavy rain year-round. December to April marks the main dry season across most of Colombia. The Andes have a shorter dry spell from July to August.
Altitude determines temperature more than season does, with the mercury dropping by roughly 3.5°F per 1,000 feet (6°C per 1,000 metres) gained:
- Coastal and lowland areas stay warm year-round at roughly 75°F to 86°F (24°C to 30°C),
- Mid-altitude cities like Medellín average 70°F to 82°F (21°C to 28°C), and
- High-altitude areas like Bogotá range from 45°F to 68°F (7°C to 20°C).
Heavy rains can trigger flooding and mudslides, particularly in the more mountainous areas and informal settlements. Major cities have better drainage infrastructure, but still experience flash flooding during intense downpours. Expats should monitor local weather alerts during rainy periods. Colombia sits on multiple tectonic plates, so earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are occasional risks.