If you’re moving to Malaysia, you’ll quickly become well acquainted with its tropical climate and monsoons. These seasonal winds, known as the Northeast Monsoon from November to March and the Southwest Monsoon from May to September, carry torrential downpours that can cause everything from mild crop failure to disastrous flash floods.

These prevailing winds heavily affect the weather in Malaysia, shaping and changing the country’s seasons. The Northeast Monsoon particularly influences the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, bringing heavier rainfall, while the west coast tends to be drier. During the Southwest Monsoon, areas like Selangor and Penang may receive more rain than the eastern regions. During this season, you can expect an average of 46 to 54 rainy days.

As troublesome as these currents can be, the winds are the most important mitigating factor in relieving the oppressive heat of Malaysia. High temperatures and high humidity envelop the country throughout the year, ranging between 71°F and 91°F (22°C to 33°C). Unfortunately, the heat doesn’t let up in the evenings.

You may find the country’s extreme heat difficult to adjust to, so remember to stay cool and hydrated by drinking plenty of water, opting for coconut water or isotonic drinks, and wearing light, breathable clothing like cotton or linen. Make liberal use of indoor cooling methods, such as air conditioning or fans, and try incorporating hydrating foods like cucumbers and watermelons into your diet.

Malaysian embassies

• Malaysian Embassy, Washington DC, United States: +1 202 572 9700
• Malaysian High Commission, London, United Kingdom: +44 20 3931 6196
• Malaysian High Commission, Ottawa, Canada: +1 613 241 5182
• Malaysian High Commission, Canberra, Australia: +61 2 61 200 300
• Malaysian High Commission, Pretoria, South Africa: +27 12 342 5990
• Malaysian Embassy, Dublin, Ireland: +353 1 667 7280
• Malaysian High Commission, Wellington, New Zealand: +64 4 385 2439

Foreign embassies in Malaysia

• United States Embassy, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2168 5000
• British High Commission, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2170 2200
• High Commission of Canada, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2718 3333
• Australian High Commission, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2146 5555
• South African High Commission, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2170 2400
• Embassy of Ireland, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2167 8200
• New Zealand High Commission, Kuala Lumpur: +60 3 2078 2533

With a range of options to suit your taste and budget, you’ll have no problem finding a place to call home in Malaysia. In fact, many expats in Malaysia report that they can afford much more spacious housing than back home. Malaysia offers a variety of accommodation types, from luxury condominiums to cosy apartments, making it easy to find the perfect match for your needs.

Types of accommodation in Malaysia

As an expat, you’ll have a wide variety of accommodation to choose from in Malaysia: large standalone houses, semi-detached and terraced houses, apartments, and condominiums.

Generally, condominiums are most popular with expats, as they are secure and often boast sought-after amenities such as gyms, swimming pools, and sometimes even concierge services. Houses are ideal if you’re after more space for your family. Room rentals and on-campus dormitories are great options for students or those on a tighter budget.

Housing prices are reasonable throughout the country, especially if your housing is included in a lucrative employment package or is financed by a generous salary. Property in central Kuala Lumpur is typically more expensive than in other areas, reflecting its status as Malaysia’s economic hub.

Popular areas among expats include Kuala Lumpur’s central business district, Penang for its rich culture and food scene, and Johor Bahru for its proximity to Singapore, making it convenient for cross-border commuters.

Read more about Renting Accommodation as an Expat in Kuala Lumpur

Furnished vs unfurnished

Fully furnished, semi-furnished, or unfurnished accommodation is available, although you should be aware that ‘unfurnished’ is sometimes used more literally in Malaysia than in other countries. The term can indicate that a home comes without kitchen units, stoves, or even curtain rails, so it's vital to make sure you're aware of what's included in a rental.

A fully furnished property will typically include all the essential furniture, such as beds, sofas, dining sets, and appliances like a fridge and washing machine. Semi-furnished properties often have basic furniture but may lack appliances, which can add to your initial setup costs.

Renting an unfurnished property can be challenging as it may involve high upfront costs for purchasing furniture and appliances, and you might need extra time to make the space liveable. It could also be a hassle finding reliable local services for delivery and assembly, so this option is best for those who prefer starting from scratch or have their own furniture.

Short lets

Short-term rentals are a great option if you’re visiting Malaysia temporarily or require a place while waiting for something more permanent. Prices can vary significantly depending on the location and amenities offered, but they're generally higher per day than longer-term leases.

You’ll usually need to provide valid identification, like your passport. Popular platforms like Airbnb, Booking.com, and local websites like iBilik can be useful for finding short-term rentals.

Finding accommodation in Malaysia

The process of finding accommodation in Malaysia is straightforward. You can engage the services of an estate agent to help you find a suitable place to stay, or you can conduct internet searches and check local newspapers and other publications for rental listings.

Estate agents can be especially useful as they have experience in the local property market and knowledge about the various areas, saving you time and effort. Reputable agencies such as RE/MAX Malaysia, IQI Realty, and Knight Frank Malaysia are well known for their reliability and expertise.

Useful links

• iProperty
• PropertyGuru
• Mudah

Renting accommodation in Malaysia

Making an application

When making an application to rent a property in Malaysia, you’ll typically need to provide copies of your passport, proof of income or employment, and sometimes references from previous landlords. Some landlords may also request proof of residency status or a local guarantor. It’s advisable to be prepared with these documents to speed up the rental process.

Leases

Rental agreements are usually signed on a two-year basis, with an option to renew. If you cannot commit with certainty to the full two years, make sure that a termination clause is included in your rental contract. This clause allows you to break the lease off early under certain conditions and is particularly useful if, for example, your work or personal situation changes unexpectedly. Typical notice periods for early termination are around 30 days.

Deposits, costs and fees

To secure the property while finalising the contract, you may be asked to pay an ‘earnest deposit’ of a month’s rent. This essentially puts a hold on the property while contract details and negotiations are worked out. The earnest deposit is typically used as a rent payment once the contract is finalised.

You will also have to pay one to two months’ rent as a refundable security deposit. This is returned at the end of the lease period if the home is in good condition, covering any potential damages. It is common practice for landlords to take up to 30 days to return this deposit after conducting inspections. 

The landlord normally pays estate agent fees, which can save you a bit of money compared to other countries where tenants often cover these costs.

Terminating the lease

If you need to terminate your lease early, ensure that the termination clause in your contract is clear. Make sure you understand the notice period required and any penalties that may apply. Documenting the property’s condition at move-in can also help avoid disputes when terminating the lease.

Utilities in Malaysia

You will usually be responsible for your own water, electricity, sewerage, phone, and internet bills. You may also be required to pay a deposit on these utilities before moving in. The average costs of utilities can vary depending on the size of your property and your consumption, but generally, they are relatively affordable compared to many Western countries.

Electricity

Electricity in Malaysia is supplied by Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). To set up your electricity account, you’ll need to register with TNB, which may require some paperwork, such as proof of identity and tenancy.

Most properties use prepaid meters, allowing you to top up credit as needed. Payments can be made conveniently online or at local convenience stores.

The standard voltage is 230V, operating at 50Hz, and the plug type used is Type G, similar to those used in the UK.

Gas

Gas supply in Malaysia is usually provided in one of two forms: piped natural gas or bottled gas. Piped gas tends to be more common in urban houses, while rural areas rely heavily on bottled gas for cooking.

In most apartments and condominiums, bottled gas is more common. These gas cylinders can be ordered from local suppliers, and many offer quick delivery services right to your doorstep. Payment is typically on delivery, so keeping cash handy can be useful.

Water

Water supply is managed regionally, and you’ll need to set up an account with the local water authority. Payments for water bills can be made online, through post offices, or at local payment kiosks. Urban areas typically have metered billing based on usage, whereas rural areas may use flat-rate billing due to less advanced infrastructure.

The water quality in Malaysia is generally good, but many residents still choose to use filtered water for drinking to be on the safe side.

Bins and recycling

Waste management in Malaysia varies depending on the local council, but typically, bins are provided by the landlord or the local authority. Rubbish collection is weekly; you should place your bins outside on the designated day.

Recycling isn’t as common as in some Western countries, but some neighbourhoods have recycling facilities. It’s worth checking with your local authority to see what’s available. Residents are encouraged to separate recyclables where facilities exist.

Internet

Internet service in Malaysia is widely available, with several providers such as Telekom Malaysia, Maxis, and TIME offering broadband and fibre options. Urban areas enjoy faster speeds, with fibre broadband offering up to 2 Gbps. Rural areas may only have access to lower speeds of around 30 Mbps.

Setting up the internet can take a week or two, so it’s best to arrange it as soon as you know your move-in date. Payment is usually monthly, and many providers offer convenient online billing services. Be sure to check coverage and availability in your area, especially if high-speed internet is a priority.

Malaysia is a diverse, welcoming society that is accepting and friendly towards foreigners, especially in business matters. If you plan on doing business in Malaysia, make sure you understand the cultural complexities associated with this ethnically diverse country.

Although the Malaysian business world has largely succeeded in establishing a unified ethos, you should be aware that you might deal with people from a broad range of backgrounds – Malay, Chinese, and Indian being the most common. You may need to conduct yourself according to who you are doing business with.

Fast facts

Business language

Officially, the language of business is Malay, but English is widely spoken.

Business hours in Malaysia

Business hours in Malaysia generally vary by region and type of organisation. Most offices operate from 8am to 5pm, Monday to Friday. Government offices in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya follow similar hours, but in states like Kedah, Kelantan, and Terengganu, government offices operate from Sunday to Thursday, closing on Fridays and Saturdays.

Business dress in Malaysia

The dress code for business in Malaysia is typically Western, with smart, formal clothes. Men wear long-sleeved shirts and ties (jackets should be worn to meetings). 

For women, modest attire that covers the shoulders and knees is expected. In certain sectors, especially those influenced by Islamic practices, women may also wear traditional attire like the baju kurung.

Greeting

The standard greeting between men is a handshake. When greeting a woman, sometimes a slight nod of the head or a handshake is sufficient. It’s best to wait for the woman to initiate the greeting.

Gifts

Sometimes gifts are exchanged when meeting someone for the first time. In certain cases, it may be better to receive a gift first and then reciprocate rather than initiate the gift-giving process. Always accept gifts with both hands and do not open them in the presence of the person who gave them. When reciprocating with a gift, make sure that it’s wrapped and of about equal value to the gift you received.

Gender equality in Malaysia

Women are ostensibly viewed as equals in the Malaysian workplace and can often rise to senior positions. However, challenges remain in traditionally male-dominated sectors. Issues such as gender stereotypes and cultural expectations can influence career progression, but there is a growing recognition of women’s contributions in industries like education and healthcare.

Business culture in Malaysia

The defining characteristic of business culture in Malaysia is respect and deference to authority. Authority figures are respected not only because of their powerful positions but also because they possess the skills, wisdom, and temperament to foster harmony and cooperation within their organisation.

Hierarchy in Malaysian business culture

While business structures in Malaysia remain hierarchical, teamwork and collaboration are encouraged, with all members of the organisation being valued. The Malaysian style of management is less goal-driven and more holistic than in many Western cultures, with managers taking a personal interest in the wellbeing of their employees.

Acting from a sense of duty is also important within the Malaysian workplace, and you will be expected to work hard without the promise of added incentives or personal credit. Working within a team and accomplishing communal goals is imbued with great importance. Among younger professionals, there is a shift towards more egalitarian approaches, especially in industries that emphasise innovation and creativity.

Communication styles in Malaysia

Sensitivity and diplomacy are essential to doing business in Malaysia. The golden rule is never to cause anyone to ‘lose face’ in professional company – the wilful, or even careless, humiliation of a colleague or subordinate is considered malicious in the Malaysian business world. Always endeavour to protect the pride and honour of professional associates. 

If there is a strong disagreement to air or a complaint to make, do it privately. Using indirect language, such as "That’s an interesting point", can soften disagreements, while non-verbal cues, like maintaining a calm demeanour, also play a critical role.

Meetings in Malaysia

Business meetings in Malaysia usually convene on time but can be subject to a lot of small talk and personal digressions. Building a relationship is an important function of meetings in Malaysia, so try not to lose patience. This holds true for both in-person and virtual meetings, where small talk about family or local events helps foster rapport before getting down to business.

Business cards in Malaysia

Business cards are typically exchanged when meeting new associates. Give and receive cards with your right hand, supported by your left, and never fold a card or put it away without looking at it first. Be sure to have your personal details printed in both English and an additional language (usually Chinese or Malay) on the reverse side.

Dos and don’ts of doing business in Malaysia

Understanding the specific dos and don’ts can significantly enhance your business relationships in Malaysia. Ensure you are patient, engage in small talk, and always respect hierarchy, especially in regions like Kedah or Kelantan, where cultural sensitivities may be heightened due to stronger Islamic influences.

• Do show respect and deference to authority figures
• Do remain polite and respectful in all situations
• Do relish the opportunity to work within a team toward communal goals
• Do keep an open mind and be willing to learn
• Don’t be impatient or aggressive
• Don’t be self-aggrandising or arrogant

Education in Malaysia is of a high standard, and you’ll have little trouble finding a school for your child. Malaysia’s diverse educational environment offers many options for expats. That said, due to the language barrier in the largely Malay-speaking public schools, many expats prefer to place their children in English-speaking international schools.

Preschool begins at age 4, but schooling only becomes compulsory from ages 6 to 15.

Public schools in Malaysia

There are plenty of public schools in Malaysia, and the quality of education is generally adequate. If you're here for the long haul, attending a public school in Malaysia can be an ideal way for your child to integrate with the local community and learn to speak Malay. Nevertheless, for some children, the language and cultural differences can be too steep a hill to climb. 

Facilities at Malaysian public schools are decent, with the basic items needed for education available, but student-to-teacher ratios can be quite high compared to other schooling options.

Locals aren’t required to pay school fees, but as an expat, you’ll need to pay tuition fees for public school attendance. These are still much lower than those at private and international schools. In addition, your child must have a foreign student pass to attend public schools, which involves a fair bit of paperwork, including proof of enrolment and financial capability. It can be a bit of a headache.

Many public schools in Malaysia offer language support programmes aimed at helping expat children get to grips with Malay instruction. These programmes can make a world of difference for your child, although their availability varies depending on the school and the region.

Useful links

• Ministry of Education Malaysia

Private schools in Malaysia

There are several good private schools in Malaysia, but they are more expensive than public schools. The extra cost is justified by advantages such as better resources and lower student-to-teacher ratios.

The main language of instruction in private schools is usually Malay, but maths and science classes are generally taught in a combination of Malay and English. Many private schools also offer additional language programmes to help expat children learn Malay and adapt to the local culture more comfortably.

Private schools must have certification from the Ministry of Home Affairs to admit foreign students, but your child won’t need any special documentation to attend. You can expect a good quality of education at private schools, with many offering a good middle ground between public schools and international schools when balancing costs and educational quality.

As an expat, your child is less likely to struggle with the culture shock they may experience at a public school. The teachers tend to be well trained and have experience communicating effectively and handling students from different cultures and backgrounds.

International schools in Malaysia

If you wish to have your child educated in the curriculum of your home country or a country other than Malaysia, you should consider an international school. Most international schools in Malaysia are based in Kuala Lumpur.

These schools usually maintain the culture, language, teaching methodologies, and curriculum of their country of origin. The English National Curriculum, including the Cambridge IGCSE and A-Levels, is most commonly offered, with many schools also offering the International Baccalaureate programme.

Your child will likely adjust easily at an international school, thanks to the familiar teaching methods, content, and language. International schools also give your children (and you) a chance to meet other expat families, which can be a great support network. Outside of Kuala Lumpur, international schools such as Penang International School and Iskandar International School in Johor Bahru are well regarded and specifically cater to expat communities.

Best International Schools in Kuala Lumpur

Special-needs education in Malaysia

Children with special needs are either educated under tailored programmes at mainstream schools – known as the Special Education Integrated Programme (SEIP) – or at dedicated special schools.

Public schools offering the SEIP are fairly easy to find, with the programme being offered in over 200 schools nationwide. There are very few dedicated public special schools, and those that do exist mostly cater to hearing and visual disabilities.

You may find more options in private education, which often offers more specialised support and therapy for children with disabilities. Some private and international schools also provide inclusive programmes, giving your child access to the broader school community while receiving the tailored support they require.

Useful links

• Ministry of Education Malaysia: Special Education
• National Autism Society of Malaysia (NASOM)

Tutors in Malaysia

Whether your child requires a little extra help with maths or is struggling to adapt to a new curriculum, tutors can be an extremely helpful resource for expats in Malaysia. Language tutors can be particularly useful for children taught in a new language, such as Malay, and for maintaining fluency in your family’s mother tongue.

Recommended tutoring companies in Malaysia include TeacherOn, ChampionTutor, and MyPrivateTutor. Many tutoring services now also offer online sessions, making it easier for your child to access a range of subjects and maintain continuity, especially if you are a family that travels a lot. This flexibility is particularly helpful for maintaining a mother tongue or keeping up with specific curricula from your home country.

Useful links

• TeacherOn
• ChampionTutor Malaysia
• MyPrivateTutor

Malaysia has several visas available to fit the nature and length of your planned visit. Regulations vary according to nationality – for example, if you’re from a certain country, you may enter Malaysia for up to 14, 30, or 90 days without a visa for tourism or business purposes.

For those who may not qualify for permanent residency but are still seeking a long-term stay, there are other options available, such as the Premium Visa Programme (PVIP), which offers a 20-year visa for those willing to invest in the country. Work passes and student visas also provide alternative routes for long-term residency, depending on your circumstances.

When arriving in Malaysia, you should have a passport valid for at least six months, a valid return ticket, and proof of funds to sustain yourself in the country.

Tourist visas for Malaysia

Tourist visas for Malaysia can be single-best suits you or multiple-entry. If you’re planning a visit, it’s essential to understand which visa suits your needs. 

If you are from one of the eligible countries, you may be able to obtain a visa on arrival, valid for one visit of up to 30 days. These eligible countries include China, India, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Serbia, and Montenegro. If you don’t qualify for a visa on arrival, you will need to apply for a visa at your local Malaysian embassy or consulate before departure.

A single-entry visa is valid for one entry of up to 30 days within three months of the date of issue. Multiple-entry visas are issued to those intending to travel in and out of Malaysia several times, usually for business or official government matters. These multiple-entry visas are typically valid for three to 12 months from the date of issue, with each entry into Malaysia lasting a maximum of 30 days.

Depending on your nationality, you may be eligible to apply for an eVisa online. The eVisa offers a streamlined, digital application process with improved processing times – typically around two working days. The eVisa is valid for 90 days from the date of issue and grants multiple entries of up to 30 days total during this period.

Useful links

• eVisa Application Portal

Malaysia My Second Home Programme

The Malaysia My Second Home (MM2H) Programme has undergone significant changes recently, making it more accessible and appealing for long-term visitors. The programme now offers a tiered system, allowing you to choose the financial commitment that suits you best.

Successful applicants receive a multiple-entry visa, renewable every 10 years, depending on the tier. Employment is generally not allowed under this programme, but with the various tiers and flexibility, the MM2H is a great option for a long-term stay in Malaysia.

The MM2H programme includes three tiers:

• Silver Tier: This tier requires a reduced fixed deposit, allowing more flexibility and easier access for younger applicants. Participants can withdraw up to 50 percent of their deposit after one year for approved expenses, such as property purchases.
• Gold Tier: This visa has a 15-year validity period, which is ideal if you plan to stay longer and enjoy more stability.
• Platinum Tier: Requires a higher deposit but provides a 20-year visa, perfect for those looking for maximum stability and long-term benefits.

Enhancements to the MM2H programme include options for long-term medical treatment and the ability for your family members to study at accredited institutions in Malaysia. This makes the programme particularly attractive if you’re planning on relocating with your family or if you’re seeking excellent medical care options.

The minimum age requirement has also been lowered from 35 to 25 years, making it easier for younger applicants to consider making Malaysia their home. The list of eligible dependants has been expanded to include unmarried children between the ages of 21 and 34, as well as parents and parents-in-law, giving your family more options to join you.

Useful links

• MM2H Details

Permanent residency in Malaysia

If you wish to work and live in the country permanently, you can apply for residency in Malaysia. Permanent residency applications fall into one of several categories:

• High net-worth investor
• Highly skilled or talented individual
• Professional
• Spouse of a Malaysian citizen

Alternatively, you can apply for permanent residency by way of the points-based system. To qualify, you need to score at least 65 points out of a possible 120, based on factors such as age, education level, duration of stay, proficiency in Bahasa Malaysia, work experience, and investment size.

Certain professions are currently in high demand, making it easier for expats to qualify for permanent residency. These include healthcare professionals, IT specialists, financial services experts, and digital marketing specialists. Malaysia’s growth in these sectors makes it more straightforward for qualified professionals to secure residency.

If you’re considering a faster route to residency, there are fast-track options through high-value investments. For instance, by making a significant investment in Malaysia and keeping it in a Malaysian bank for a set period, you may expedite your permanent residency application. Creating job opportunities for locals can also positively influence your application.

The processing time for permanent residency applications typically takes around six months, but it can vary depending on your circumstances and the completeness of your application.

Useful links

• Malaysian Immigration: Residence Pass

Visa regulations are subject to change at short notice, so make sure to contact your respective embassy or consulate for the latest details.

Malaysia has an extensive transport system. The Klang Valley, which consists of Kuala Lumpur, its surrounding suburbs and adjoining towns and cities, has an integrated public transport system incorporating the Light Rail Transit (LRT), a monorail, and bus services. That said, public transport outside this area can be limited, which may lead you to prefer driving instead.

Public transport in Malaysia

Trains

Malaysia has an affordable and reliable national rail service. Long-distance trains operate around Peninsula Malaysia, with trains running from north to south between the Thai border and Singapore.

Kuala Lumpur has an extensive city rail system consisting of five rapid-transit lines, two commuter rail lines, and two airport-rail links. The Light Rail Transit (LRT) remains one of the most reliable forms of public transport in the city, although it can get quite crowded, especially during rush hour.

Trains in the capital are integrated with the bus network, making it easy to transfer from one system to another without paying separate fees. For frequent travellers, the MyCity Pass offers unlimited rides on Rapid KL services for one, two or three days. Concession cards are also available, offering a 50 percent discount for senior citizens, students, and people with disabilities.

Buses

An extensive and inexpensive bus system runs through Malaysia. Most towns have a bus terminal offering connections to other parts of the country, and there are long-distance buses connecting Malaysia to Singapore and Thailand. Recently, the Stage Bus Service Transformation (SBST) programme has introduced new bus routes, including pink buses with a cashless payment system for greater convenience.

In Klang Valley, Penang, and Kuantan, you can use the PULSE mobile app to plan your journey with real-time bus schedules and route information. Buses generally offer a more affordable option than trains, although traffic congestion during peak hours can impact reliability.

Ferries

Ferries connect various points in Peninsular Malaysia with Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines. With the increase in demand for cross-border travel, ferry services have seen adjustments in routes, especially post-pandemic.

A number of luxury cruise liners also have routes from nearby countries to and from Malaysia, providing a more leisurely experience with high-end amenities for tourists looking to experience the region in style.

Useful links

• Rapid KL Official Site
• KTM Berhad
• Rapid Bus Services
• PULSE Mobile App

Taxis in Malaysia

Taxis operate in most Malaysian cities but can be expensive compared to other transport options. Most taxis have meters, but drivers don't always use them, so it’s best to negotiate the fare with the driver before getting in the vehicle.

The Land Public Transport Commission (SPAD) has implemented regulations requiring e-hailing operators to obtain an Intermediation Business Licence (IBL), ensuring both traditional taxis and e-hailing services comply with legal standards.

In recent years, ride-hailing services like Grab, MyCar, and inDriver have gained immense popularity, significantly outpacing traditional taxis. Services like Riding Pink, which is exclusively for women, provide a safer alternative that many female users prefer.

Useful links

• Grab
• MyCar
• inDriver
• Riding Pink

Driving in Malaysia

Malaysia has an excellent highway network connecting towns and cities and joining Malaysia with its neighbours. Although you may be able to get by without owning a car if you live in Kuala Lumpur, it might be necessary to have a car if you live outside the major urban centres.

Cars in Malaysia drive on the left-hand side of the road. Driving as an expat in Malaysian cities can be chaotic and is generally not recommended. Traffic congestion is a constant problem, and traffic lights, as well as other rules of the road, are not always adhered to. Motorcyclists are often the worst culprits for reckless driving.

Driving licences

If you're planning to drive in Malaysia, it's important to know the rules regarding foreign driving licences. You can use your valid foreign licence for up to 90 days, particularly if it's in English or Malay. If your licence is in a different language, you'll need an official translation or an International Driving Permit (IDP), which serves as an internationally recognised translation.

For longer-term stays, converting your foreign driving licence to a Malaysian one is advisable. To do this, you'll need to ensure your licence is valid for at least one more year. Documents required include your passport, visa, original licence, a certified translation if necessary, and an endorsement from your country's embassy. The application process is handled at the main Road Transport Department (JPJ) offices, and processing takes about 10 days.

Citizens from ASEAN countries can use their national licences without an IDP for short stays. Depending on how long you've had your licence, you may be issued either a Probationary Driving License (PDL) or a Competent Driving License (CDL).

Air travel in Malaysia

It is relatively cost-effective to fly in Malaysia, and given the remote nature of some destinations, flying is frequently the best, and sometimes only, option. Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) is the country’s main international hub, and several airlines, including Malaysia Airlines, Firefly, and Air Asia, offer regional and international flights to and from Malaysia.

Recently, Malaysia Airlines resumed direct flights between Kuala Lumpur and Kolkata, expanding connectivity to India after an 18-year hiatus. New regional airlines have also entered the market, contributing to increased competition and more affordable options for both domestic and international routes.

With a vast mix of cultures and nationalities, living in Malaysia as an expat offers a lifestyle filled with first-world comforts and conveniences, while its easily accessible jungles and island getaways still allow for a sense of adventure.

The country consists of two different geographical regions separated by the South China Sea. To the west is Peninsular Malaysia, while the sparser territory of East Malaysia includes the Sabah and Sarawak regions of Borneo Island.

Living in Malaysia as an expat

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia’s capital and largest city, is the country’s financial, cultural, and economic centre and a major hub for international air travel. Among the skyscrapers and Dutch architecture, the city is packed with luxury shopping malls, quality restaurants, and colourful markets. It is a melting pot of cultures with an energetic lifestyle.

As a popular tourist destination, Malaysia presents myriad opportunities to explore dazzling beaches, serene nature hideaways, and vast tea plantations to escape the city bustle over weekends.

Moving to Kuala Lumpur

Working in Malaysia

Working in Malaysia is an opportunity to be part of a rapidly growing economy. The country has transformed from a resource-export economy to a hub for industries like science, tourism, commerce, and medical tourism. This shift has brought more employment opportunities for expats in Malaysia.

There are many opportunities for expats in Malaysia, and Kuala Lumpur offers a range of career prospects across different industries. Currently, sectors such as engineering, construction, healthcare, and information technology are experiencing significant growth, creating a demand for expats.

Employers are required to advertise vacancies locally before hiring foreigners, but high-salary roles and specialist positions are often exceptions to this rule, making it easier for expats to secure high-level opportunities.

Working in Malaysia
Business Culture in Malaysia

Accommodation in Malaysia

Finding accommodation in Malaysia is generally straightforward, with plenty of options ranging from standalone houses to condominiums equipped with gymnasiums and swimming pools. Housing here is largely quite inexpensive compared to Western cities, and you will likely be able to afford a more spacious abode.

That said, the housing price in central Kuala Lumpur can be steep compared to other parts of the country. The housing market has experienced significant changes recently, with a rise in rental rates as the market recovers post-pandemic. Rental rates vary widely, with Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC), Bangsar, and Damansara Heights being particularly popular among expats.

KLCC is ideal if you want to be at the heart of the action, with luxury accommodations and easy access to shopping, dining, and entertainment. For a more community-oriented vibe, Bangsar is a great choice, offering a mix of bungalows and condos alongside a bustling social scene. Damansara Heights, often called Kuala Lumpur’s Beverly Hills, is perfect for families, with spacious homes, gated communities, and proximity to international schools.

Accommodation and Utilities in Malaysia
Finding a Rental in Kuala Lumpur
Best Areas and Suburbs in Kuala Lumpur

Cost of living in Malaysia

The cost of living in Malaysia is generally low compared to other major cities in Asia and around the world. Your biggest expense will most likely be accommodation, with food, transport, and healthcare much more affordable compared to Western countries like the US or UK. Utilities can also be an unexpected expense, with costs fluctuating during peak usage, especially for air conditioning and internet services.

Inflation and exchange rate fluctuations have impacted the cost of living, with imported goods becoming more expensive. Public healthcare provides a good standard of care, but it’s recommended to take out private health insurance for better access, especially since foreigners aren’t eligible for the public scheme. Schooling options are varied, with public, private, and international schools available, allowing you to pick according to your preferences and budget.

Cost of Living in Malaysia

Malaysian culture

Living in Malaysia means experiencing a melting pot of cultures and a variety of customs, festivals, and traditions. While the country's cultural diversity is enriching, it's also sometimes overwhelming, especially when it comes to understanding unfamiliar customs and practices.

While English is widely spoken, proficiency can vary, which might lead to some communication challenges. Respect for elders is a deeply ingrained value, and modest dressing is expected in many settings, especially in religious places. Despite the differences, most people in Malaysia are welcoming to newcomers.

As a newcomer, you may experience some culture shock when you arrive, but over time, you will find Malaysia’s unique customs and traditions enriching. The key to making the most of your experience is to make the most of the diversity by getting involved in the local way of life. Participating in cultural events like Chinese New Year, Hari Raya Aidil Fitri, and Thaipusam will help you understand and appreciate the lively mix of customs.

Local Culture in Malaysia
Diversity and Inclusion in Malaysia

Living in Malaysia with children

Malaysia offers a good environment for raising children. Public parks, playgrounds, and family-friendly activities are plentiful, especially in cities like Kuala Lumpur. The country is also known for its community-focused lifestyle, which means children can easily make friends and engage in various activities.

Finding a school

Finding a school in Malaysia is a top priority for many expat families. The educational quality among public, private, and international schools varies significantly. Public schools generally follow the Malaysian National Curriculum, providing a broad educational foundation, although class sizes can be large. This can limit the level of personalised attention your child may receive.

Private schools, on the other hand, often offer globally recognised curricula like the Cambridge or International Baccalaureate (IB) and have smaller class sizes. This allows for more personalised attention and a focus on well-rounded development.

International schools are renowned for their rigorous academic standards, globally recognised curricula, and modern facilities. They also boast a diverse student body, which fosters a global perspective for your children.

Education and Schools in Malaysia
International Schools in Kuala Lumpur

Healthcare and hospitals

Healthcare in Malaysia is both accessible and affordable. The public healthcare system offers a high standard of medical care, with a network of hospitals and clinics throughout the country. Public healthcare is affordable but often faces overcrowding and longer wait times, particularly in major urban areas. In rural areas, accessing healthcare can be more challenging, as these regions may lack adequate medical facilities compared to urban centres.

Numerous top-quality private facilities cater specifically to foreigners, offering shorter waiting times and personalised care. While more expensive, private healthcare offers quicker access to specialist services and top-tier facilities, making it a preferred choice for many expats.

Malaysia is also a popular medical tourism destination, renowned for excellent service, state-of-the-art facilities, and highly trained medical professionals. Despite the quality of the public healthcare system, it’s advisable to have private health insurance to ensure comprehensive coverage, especially since foreigners do not qualify for the public healthcare scheme.

Healthcare and Health Insurance in Malaysia

Getting around Malaysia

Getting around Malaysia is generally cheap and easy, especially within Peninsular Malaysia. The country has an extensive bus system, and the Light Rail Transit makes getting around quick and convenient. Taxis and ride-hailing services are also easily available in the larger cities, making urban commuting hassle-free.

East Malaysia, on the other hand, is slightly less developed than the mainland. Transport systems in East Malaysia are gradually improving, with new road networks and infrastructure projects aiming to enhance connectivity between urban and rural areas.

Public Transport and Driving in Malaysia

Climate in Malaysia

Although Malaysia is split into two distinct parts, the landscape and climate are fairly similar. The country has equatorial weather, with the southwest monsoon season from April to October and the northeast monsoon season from October to February.

The tropical climate features year-round hot and humid conditions, with temperatures ranging between 73°F and 95°F (23°C to 35°C). The monsoon seasons bring heavy rainfall, especially between September and October, occasionally leading to localised flooding and travel disruptions. It’s wise to be mindful of weather forecasts during these times to avoid potential issues, particularly with commuting.

Staying hydrated and seeking air-conditioned environments are critical to coping with the heat and humidity. Expats with respiratory concerns should also be aware of the occasional haze pollution, which can impact air quality significantly during the dry season.

Weather in Malaysia

Malaysia is a stable country eager to attract foreign businesses and investors. The diverse population ensures a warm reception for expats as you settle in. With a high standard of living, beautiful sights to see, and interesting cultures to learn about, you will enjoy your time here. By adapting to the cultural variety, engaging in local experiences, and adjusting to the energetic way of life, you will find Malaysia a rewarding place to call home.

Fast facts

Population: 34 million

Capital city: Kuala Lumpur (also largest city)

Other major cities: Johor Bahru, Ipoh, George Town

Neighbouring countries: Malaysia is bordered by Thailand to the north, Indonesia to the south and southeast (which it shares the island of Borneo with), the Philippines to the east across the South China Sea, and Singapore to the south.

Geography: Malaysia has a diverse landscape of coastal plains and mountainous terrain. The two major regions of Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo, are separated by the South China Sea. There are also a number of outlying islands that form part of Malaysian territory. Mount Kinabalu, on the island of Borneo, is the highest mountain in Malaysia. The country’s diverse mountains and rainforests are home to some of the most unique creatures on Earth.

Political system: Federal parliamentary constitutional elective monarchy

Major religions: The majority of the population is Muslim. Buddhism and Christianity are also quite prominent.

Main languages: Malay is the official language, while English is widely spoken in business. The Chinese population in Malaysia usually speaks Cantonese, while the majority of the Indian population in Malaysia speaks Tamil.

Money: The Malaysian Ringgit (MYR), divided into 100 sen.

Time: GMT+8

Electricity: 240V, 50Hz. Malaysia uses three-pin, UK-style plugs.

Internet domain: .my

International dialling code: +60

Emergency contacts: Dial 999 for a police ambulance emergency or 994 for fire emergencies.

Transport and driving: Cars drive on the left side of the road. The country has an extensive public transport system consisting of trains, buses and ferries, though this is less developed outside of Kuala Lumpur.

The Malaysian banking system is well established. Opening a bank account can be complicated for foreigners, particularly if they don't have the correct visa or work permit. But, once expats have an account, banking in Malaysia can be easy and hassle-free.

Money in Malaysia

The currency in Malaysia is the Malaysian Ringgit (MYR), which is divided into 100 sen (cents).

• Notes: 1 MYR, 5 MYR, 10 MYR, 20 MYR, 50 MYR and 100 MYR

• Coins: 5 sen, 10 sen, 20 sen and 50 sen

Banking in Malaysia

Although many expats prefer to bank with a foreign bank, since entities such as Bank of America or HSBC allow them to link to their account in their home country, there are numerous local banking options available in Malaysia. The country's central bank is Bank Negara Malaysia, while local banks include Bank Islam Malaysia, Bank Muamalat Malaysia, CIMB Bank, Public Bank Berhad and RHB Bank.

These local Malaysian banks have a range of services that make banking simple and convenient, including internet and mobile banking.

Banking hours are generally Monday to Friday, 9.30am to 4pm, and Saturdays from 9.30am to 11.30am.

Opening a bank account

A valid work permit is essential for any expat looking to open an account with a local bank. New customers are also required to provide their ID or passport, and evidence of residency or employment status. Recent bank statements and a letter of recommendation from their current bank may also prove helpful.

Credit/debit cards

Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in Malaysia, although cash payments are still more popular in many establishments. Expats should be vigilant when using their credit or debit cards and should check their till slips carefully as credit card fraud remains a problem in Malaysia.

ATMs

ATMs are widely available, and some accept foreign credit and debit cards.

Taxes in Malaysia

With a relatively low-income tax rate and few other taxes, Malaysia is an incredibly tax-friendly country. Malaysian law divides potential taxpayers into three categories: residents, non-residents and pensioners.

• Residents are those in the country for 182 days or more in a particular tax year. People who fall into this category are liable to pay income tax according to a progressive scale from 0 to 30 percent.

• Non-residents, or those in Malaysia for less than 182 days in a tax year, are taxed at a flat rate of 30 percent.

• The third group consists of people over the age of 55 years who are employed in Malaysia for less than 60 days in a year. People in this group either receive a Malaysian pension or live on interest from banks, and are exempt from paying tax.

Many expats choose to go to Malaysia under the Malaysia My Second Home (MM2H) programme. These expats are required to pay tax only on income made in Malaysia, not on income or pension funds generated abroad.

Malaysia has double-taxation agreements with a number of countries in order to avoid foreigners being taxed twice over. Expats should ascertain whether Malaysia has such an agreement with their home country.

Malaysia is home to people from all walks of life. Read on to learn about some diversity and inclusion issues you might encounter in this diverse country.

Accessibility in Malaysia

Kuala Lumpur is often regarded as one of Asia’s more wheelchair-friendly cities, but there are still challenges that need to be addressed. Many public transport systems, including the MRT and LRT, are accessible, with stations equipped with ramps and lifts. You may find that some streets are still missing kerb cuts, which can make getting around tricky if you use a wheelchair.

It’s pretty easy to use public transport in Kuala Lumpur with some planning, but getting to and from the transport stops can be challenging. The surrounding infrastructure, like pavements, isn’t always consistent or well maintained, which can pose difficulties, particularly if you need smooth passage.

Public Transport and Driving in Malaysia

Further reading

www.disabilityinsider.com
www.wheelchairtravel.org

LGBTQ+ in Malaysia

Homosexuality is illegal in Malaysia and punishable by up to 10 years of imprisonment. Under Sharia law, Muslims may also face caning and fines. Although convictions are rare, arrests at LGBTQ+ gatherings do happen, so stay informed and cautious when participating in such events.

If you identify as transgender, you may face significant challenges in Malaysia. Transgender identities are not recognised legally, and the prevailing attitude often frames it as ‘cross-dressing’, which is condemned by Islamic law. You might encounter a lot of social stigma and even legal difficulties when living openly as a transgender person.

Conversion therapy is still common in Malaysia, with support for it often stemming from religious groups.

Useful resources

www.queerlapis.com
www.justiceforsisters.wordpress.com
www.seedfoundation.com.my

Gender equality in Malaysia

Gender equality in Malaysia has made some strides over the years. In 1995, Malaysia ratified the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), albeit with reservations. The remaining reservations primarily relate to citizenship and equal marriage rights, highlighting the ongoing challenge of balancing international commitments with traditional Islamic principles.

The World Economic Forum’s 2024 Global Gender Gap Report ranks Malaysia 114th out of 146 countries, highlighting significant challenges in political empowerment and economic opportunities for women despite good progress in education.

Malaysian women’s education levels are high, but workforce participation remains an uphill battle, with many women leaving the workforce to take on caregiving roles at home. As a result, only half of Malaysian women actively participate in the workforce. This gap is also reflected in leadership positions, where representation is still low.

Useful resources

www.wao.org.my
www.arrow.org.my

Women in leadership in Malaysia

As of 2023, approximately 40 percent of senior management positions in Malaysia are held by women, reflecting a positive trend and improvement over previous years. This represents a significant leap from earlier years and points towards a growing acceptance of women in leadership roles. The Federal Court also boasts 8 out of 15 judges being women, which indicates increasing gender parity within the judiciary.

Despite these strides, women are still underrepresented in political leadership. In 2022, women constituted only 15 percent of Malaysia’s parliamentary seats and 16 percent of its ministerial positions, which remains well below the global average and the national target of 30 percent.

Working in Malaysia
Doing Business in Malaysia

Useful resources

www.30percentclub.org

Mental health awareness in Malaysia

Due to the stress of relocation and feelings of loneliness or isolation in their new home, expats may be at higher risk of depression and anxiety than the general population. Many expats report experiencing increased mental health challenges, particularly as they adjust to a new environment.

The good news is that mental health awareness in Malaysia is on the rise, and the taboo of discussing mental health is eroding. More companies are taking the importance of mental health seriously, holding workshops and talks to raise awareness, and offering better mental health coverage in their employee healthcare plans.

If you are an expat in Malaysia, you’ll find that private mental healthcare services are often the most accessible option. Numerous private clinics in Kuala Lumpur cater specifically to the expat community, with multilingual staff from all over the world, which can make getting help much easier. Review your health insurance plan to understand the extent of coverage provided, as policies can vary significantly.

Healthcare and Health Insurance in Malaysia

Useful resources

www.themindfaculty.com
www.abrimentalhealth.com

Unconscious bias education in Malaysia

Unconscious bias is an implicit set of often stereotyped ideas, misconceptions and assumptions people may carry about groups of people they perceive as different from themselves. These ideas are not purposefully adopted but rather develop subtly over time, and they can significantly impact a person's interactions, whether personally or professionally.

Unconscious bias can profoundly affect both personal and work conditions. In the workplace, unchecked bias can undermine essential aspects of a company, negatively impacting employee performance, retention, and recruitment. It can be a silent barrier to creating truly inclusive and thriving work environments.

Many companies in Malaysia are now recognising this and beginning to implement unconscious bias training programmes. Some organisations offer courses specifically aimed at helping individuals identify and address these biases effectively.

Useful resources

implicit.harvard.edu
www.nonprofitready.org/unconscious-bias-training
www.theknowledgeacademy.com
www.britishcouncil.my/unconscious-bias-penang

Diversification of the workforce in Malaysia

Studies show that workplace diversification is hugely beneficial to companies and employees alike. Diverse teams are more creative, better at problem-solving, and contribute to higher company performance across the board. In recognition of this, many of Malaysia’s largest companies are setting up diversity and inclusion programmes, ensuring that a wide variety of people is represented among employees.

Malaysia is home to more than 2 million foreigners, mainly from China, India, and Indonesia. If you are moving to Malaysia, you might be drawn by the thriving energy of Kuala Lumpur, which is an excellent location for advancing your career.

You can expect a fairly diverse work environment if you work in a large multinational company based in Kuala Lumpur. The offices of international firms buzz with a blend of languages, and staff are sourced from all over the world.

Safety in Malaysia

Safety in Malaysia is generally reassuring, with opportunistic petty crime being the main concern for expats. Petty crimes like pickpocketing and bag snatching tend to occur more frequently in urban areas and tourist hotspots. Bag snatching is often committed by thieves on motorcycles, so it’s imperative to be mindful of your surroundings, especially in crowded places.

Taking simple precautions can go a long way in keeping you safe. Keep your valuables tucked away, stay aware of your belongings in crowded places, avoid walking alone through isolated areas at night, and use reputable taxi companies or ride-share apps. Public transport is considered safe and efficient, but watch for pickpockets, especially during peak hours.

While Malaysia is mostly safe, certain areas do pose higher risks. The eastern coast of Sabah, near conflict zones in the southern Philippines, is known for increased risks related to kidnapping and violence. We advise avoiding non-essential travel to these regions.

Calendar initiatives in Malaysia

4 February – World Cancer Day
March – TB Awareness Month
19 May – Global Accessibility Awareness Day
10 September – World Suicide Prevention Day
October – Breast Cancer Awareness Month
8 October – World Mental Health Day
14 November – World Diabetes Day
1 December – World AIDS Day

Malaysia's healthcare is among the best in the world. This is particularly evident in the more populated areas and larger cities, such as Kuala Lumpur, while healthcare facilities can be more limited in rural areas.

The country continues to strive to entrench itself as a medical tourism destination, offering affordable and easily accessible healthcare coverage to both locals and expats alike.

Public healthcare in Malaysia

Public healthcare in Malaysia is renowned for its high quality of care, particularly in specialities such as cardiology, ophthalmology, dentistry, orthopaedics, gastroenterology, plastic and general surgery, and screening. These areas of medicine are pushing boundaries, keeping Malaysia at the forefront of medical advancements.

Consultations with doctors are relatively inexpensive, and the standards are high. Most doctors speak English, making it easier for you to communicate your needs. Dentists and other specialists are also easy to visit, with consultation fees that are quite reasonable.

Kuala Lumpur Healthcare Facilities

Useful links

• Ministry of Health Malaysia: Public Healthcare Overview

Private healthcare in Malaysia

Private healthcare in Malaysia provides an appealing alternative to public services. Although you can access public hospitals, many people prefer private facilities due to shorter waiting times, better amenities, and more personalised care. The quality is world-class, and prices are low compared to Western countries.

It’s also convenient to visit doctors and specialists in nearby cities such as Bangkok or Singapore, broadening your options for healthcare access.

Health insurance in Malaysia

While Malaysia does not have a national health insurance scheme, the Foreign Worker Hospitalisation and Surgical Insurance Scheme makes it compulsory for foreign workers in Malaysia to have medical insurance.

As an expat, you are expected to cover the costs of your medical insurance coverage, which will ensure you get a fixed amount of medical care each year in government hospitals. A number of companies are contracted to the scheme, giving you a choice when it comes to your insurance provider.

If you prefer private healthcare, investing in private medical insurance for more complete coverage is highly recommended. Expats often find understanding the local insurance market challenging, and international health insurance companies offer a variety of packages tailored to your needs. Alternatively, you can shop around in Malaysia for competitive local rates.

Pharmacies and medicines in Malaysia

Pharmacies in Malaysia are readily available, especially in shopping centres, and are generally well stocked. Some pharmacies, particularly in major cities, have extended opening hours, frequently staying open until late to accommodate your needs.

Interestingly, certain medications that might require a prescription in other countries, like antihistamines and some antibiotics, can be purchased over the counter in Malaysia. However, other drugs will still need a local doctor’s prescription, so it’s wise to check before making any assumptions.

If you need to find a pharmacy, there are many available in major shopping centres across the country.

Useful links

• Ministry of Health Pharmacy Division
• Guardian Malaysia – Pharmacy Chain
• Watsons Malaysia

Vaccinations for Malaysia

Make sure you consult with your doctor for the recommended vaccinations before coming to Malaysia. Key vaccinations to consider include hepatitis A, typhoid, polio, Japanese encephalitis, and chikungunya. If you will be spending time in rural areas, a rabies vaccination may also be recommended. 

A yellow fever vaccination is mandatory if you are coming to Malaysia from a country where yellow fever is a risk.

Health hazards in Malaysia

Malaysia experiences high levels of pollution due to smoke haze, particularly from June to October. The government provides guidelines to help you cope during these periods, including public advisories on air quality, recommendations for vulnerable individuals to stay indoors, and encouraging the use of face masks during high-pollution days. If you have respiratory health issues, it’s best to monitor local news and follow any government advice closely.

Dengue fever remains a concern across Malaysia, even in urban areas like Kuala Lumpur. Despite public awareness campaigns and mosquito control measures, dengue cases have risen in recent years. Make sure to take all necessary precautions, such as wearing insect repellent and long-sleeved clothing, especially during the rainy season when mosquitoes are most active.

Useful links

• Malaysia Air Quality Index Dashboard

Emergency services in Malaysia

Private ambulance services in Malaysia offer fast and efficient emergency response, but they do come at a cost. The emergency number in Malaysia is 999, or 112 on a mobile phone.

Keep these emergency numbers handy – you never know when you might need them, and being prepared can make all the difference.

Although many foreign professionals view Malaysia as an ideal retirement destination, there are also plenty of job opportunities available here. With its proximity to Singapore and lower cost of living, Kuala Lumpur is an ideal city for doing business and raising a family.

Job market in Malaysia

The job market in Malaysia is diverse and full of opportunities, especially in sectors that are experiencing growth due to technological advancements and the post-pandemic recovery. There are plenty of IT jobs, particularly in cybersecurity, software development, and data analytics.

You may also find many roles in healthcare, e-commerce, logistics, and engineering, especially in civil and mechanical disciplines. Malaysia also remains a hub for banking, finance, and accounting roles, especially those related to risk management and compliance.

The ability to speak a high level of English is highly valued in the Malaysian job market. If you can speak another language, such as Malay, Cantonese, or Mandarin, you will have a distinct advantage, particularly in customer service and international business sectors.

Living in Kuala Lumpur

Finding a job in Malaysia

Most foreign professionals move to Malaysia with a firm job offer and contract already in place, often as part of an intercompany transfer. This is the easiest route, since it helps you avoid much of the bureaucracy involved in job hunting locally.

When it comes to finding a job in Malaysia, one of the best approaches is networking. Tapping into both personal and professional connections can open doors to opportunities that may not be publicly advertised. Attending industry events, joining relevant online forums, and leveraging LinkedIn to connect with local professionals can be very effective.

It's also helpful to keep an eye on reputable job portals and company career pages for postings that suit your skills and experience. Furthermore, adapt your CV and cover letter to highlight skills that are particularly valued in the Malaysian market, such as language proficiency or experience in its dominant industries.

Securing the appropriate work permits is essential, as Malaysian laws are strict about illegal work and tax compliance. You need to make sure that you have the appropriate visa and work permit before you start working in Malaysia. Typically, the hiring company will help facilitate the process, which can frequently be lengthy and complicated due to various mandatory health, security, and qualification checks.

Work Permits in Malaysia and Visas in Malaysia

Useful links

• JobStreet Malaysia
• Indeed Malaysia
• MyCareerFuture
• Maukerja

Work culture in Malaysia

The etiquette and behaviour for doing business in Malaysia are similar to what you might expect in many Western countries, but you should keep in mind that Malaysia is an ethnically diverse country. You’ll find yourself working alongside Malays, Chinese, Indians, and many other groups.

Respect for hierarchy is significant in most Malaysian workplaces, and it’s common to address senior colleagues formally. The emphasis on hierarchy is often coupled with a focus on building good personal relationships, which can be as important as formal qualifications or experience.

In Malaysia, the standard working hours are about 48 hours per week, typically spread over five days, with normal business hours running from 9am to 5pm. Annual leave entitlements depend on how long you’ve been with a company. For instance, if you’ve been employed for less than two years, you are entitled to at least eight days of annual leave, which increases with longer tenure.

In addition to annual leave, Malaysia also has 11 public holidays per year, reflecting the variety of cultures and religions represented here.

Business Etiquette in Malaysia

If you want to work in Malaysia as an expat, you will need a work permit. Obtaining a work permit for Malaysia is often a lengthy and complicated process, but luckily for most expats, the bulk of the process will be undertaken by the employing company.

As of 2024, Malaysia has updated the fee structure and made online applications mandatory for most types of work permits, including the Employment Pass and Professional Visit Pass. The fee for an Employment Pass is now significantly higher, but applicants from public universities and government institutions are exempt from these fees.

Applying for a work permit in Malaysia

The validity of your work permit can vary widely, depending on the duration of your work contract and the type of work permit. You can submit your application for a work permit online via the Expatriate Services Division (ESD). The online system, known as the ESD portal, is now mandatory for all work permit applications.

The processing time for obtaining a work permit generally ranges from seven to 12 weeks. This includes time for quota approval, approval of the expat post, and final processing by the Immigration Department. As part of the visa application process, a reference number will be issued so that you can track the progress of your application online.

Make sure to have the following documents ready for your work permit application:

• valid passport
• completed application form
• employment contract
• job description
• academic certificates
• a confirmation letter regarding salary and tax from your employer
• recent passport-sized photographs

Certain documents, such as detailed job descriptions or sector approvals, can be challenging to obtain, so it’s best to prepare early.

Useful links

• Expatriate Services Division (ESD) Portal
• Immigration Department of Malaysia

Conditions for work permits in Malaysia

There are restrictions on the number of foreign workers a Malaysian company can employ. A company that wants to hire foreign workers will need to prove to the government that the position is of essential importance and cannot be filled by a local worker.

This involves providing evidence that the job vacancy was advertised locally for at least 30 days and submitting a Hiring Outcome Report that details why local candidates were not suitable.

Approval of employment is granted by the Immigration Department in conjunction with different regulatory agencies, depending on the industry and nature of the work being undertaken.

Some industries, such as manufacturing, construction, and technology, often face labour shortages and are more open to hiring foreign workers. Sectors like hospitality, which fall under services, are also identified as critical due to labour shortages in those sectors. Once the approval has been granted, the hiring company can begin the work permit application process on the expat employee's behalf.

Types of work permits for Malaysia

Employment Pass

An Employment Pass is for skilled expats looking to work in Malaysia, generally in technical or managerial positions. Industries such as technology, finance, and engineering are common sectors that issue Employment Passes due to the high demand for skilled professionals.

Your employment must be approved by the relevant regulatory agency before the Employment Pass can be issued. Depending on specifics such as the nature of the job, the salary earned, and the length of your employment contract, Employment Passes can be granted for up to 12, 24, or 60 months.

Renewing an Employment Pass is typically straightforward if all conditions are met, but changes in job roles, non-compliance with salary thresholds, or missing documentation can lead to rejection. Category III passes are limited in renewals and can only be renewed twice.

Professional Visitor Pass

The Professional Visitor Pass is issued if you are employed by an overseas company but are working with a company in Malaysia on a temporary basis. It is typically for short-term assignments such as training programmes, internships, or technical consultations and is valid for a maximum of 12 months.

Extending a Professional Visitor Pass beyond this period can be challenging and often requires substantial justification related to ongoing projects or additional training needs. Successful extensions usually involve detailed documentation, including project reports and employer letters.

Useful links

• Professional Visitor Pass – Immigration Department of Malaysia

Visa and work permit regulations are subject to change at short notice, so you should contact your respective embassy or consulate for the latest details.

With a range of modern conveniences, a highly multicultural society, and a local population that is generally friendly and welcoming to newcomers, you are unlikely to experience much culture shock in Malaysia during the initial settling-down process.

Nevertheless, some aspects of your new life may take some getting used to. Perhaps the biggest adjustment you may face in Malaysia is religion. Most of the population is Muslim and adheres to conservative Islamic customs. Another major element of life in Malaysia that you may need to contend with is getting used to the hot and humid equatorial climate.

Cultural diversity in Malaysia

Malaysia has a diverse range of immigrants and ethnic populations, and locals are used to dealing with people from very different cultural backgrounds. The three most common ethnic groups in Malaysia are Malay, Chinese, and Indian. Alongside these, indigenous groups like the Orang Asli and the Dayak people from Sarawak and Sabah are increasingly visible, asserting their cultural identities and contributing to the rich diversity of cultures.

Urban areas, particularly Kuala Lumpur, have evolved significantly due to globalisation and urbanisation. Younger generations blend traditional practices with modern influences, creating a more cosmopolitan culture. You’ll find fusion in culinary traditions, music, and art that showcases both local heritage and international trends.

Climate in Malaysia

The climate in Malaysia is ideal for a beach holiday or a getaway, but living and working in the humidity and heat can be draining. If you enjoyed an active outdoor lifestyle back home, you might take a while to adjust to days spent inside air-conditioned buildings. It’s essential to allow your body time to get used to the weather.

Malaysia’s climate varies across regions due to its diverse topography. The cooler highlands, such as Cameron Highlands, provide a refreshing break from the heat, while coastal areas experience significant rainfall during the monsoon season.

Climate and Weather in Malaysia

Saving face in Malaysia

'Face' is a central aspect of Malaysian culture, representing a person's dignity. Malaysians strive to build harmonious relationships, and avoiding public shame or embarrassment is imperative. You should always treat your Malaysian counterparts with respect and never argue or show anger towards someone in public. Should there be a problem, it is better to discuss it in private.

You may also unknowingly cause embarrassment by being too direct or informal, such as addressing someone by their first name without permission or discussing sensitive topics like religion or politics. To avoid missteps, it’s best to observe and mirror local etiquette.

Saving face is also central to Malaysian workplace culture. Direct confrontation or criticism is often avoided to maintain harmony, which can lead to a more subtle and indirect communication style. You may find feedback is given in a roundabout way rather than openly. This may be frustrating if you are used to a more direct communication style, particularly in a business environment, so you will need to exercise patience.

Business Culture in Malaysia

Religion in Malaysia

Around two-thirds of the Malaysian population practise Islam. This can impact your everyday life, especially for women, who should try to dress modestly in public. It’s also not unusual to hear the call to prayer in the early morning and throughout the day. Prayer times may also affect business meetings and social gatherings.

You are not obliged to adhere to Islamic traditions and are free to practise your own religion. That said, you should always respect local customs and act and dress conservatively to avoid offending local sensitivities. This is especially important during Islamic holy times such as Ramadan.

There is an ongoing conversation about women’s dress codes, particularly regarding expectations around hijab in Malaysia. While some women choose it as an expression of faith, others advocate for personal autonomy in attire.

Language barrier in Malaysia

Malaysia’s official language is Malay, which is written in both Latin and Arabic script. Due to the country’s history as a British colony, many Malaysians also speak English, which is generally considered the language of business in Malaysia. Other languages spoken in the country reflect its cultural heritage and include Cantonese, Mandarin, and Tamil.

There is a noticeable generational divide in language use. Younger Malaysians are more likely to use English, thanks to its prevalence in education and the media. In contrast, older generations may prefer Malay or other regional languages. The Malaysian government promotes Bahasa Malaysia for national unity but also recognises the importance of English in international communication.

Meeting and greeting in Malaysia

Showing respect to others is an important aspect of Malaysian life, and greeting people properly is essential. Handshaking is a standard greeting between men in Malaysia. In contrast, Muslim women may be uncomfortable shaking hands or making physical contact in public with a man who is not part of her family. 

When greeting a woman as a man, it’s best to let her take the lead in extending her hand first. Otherwise, a simple nod of the head and a smile will suffice. Direct eye contact may be avoided, and some Malaysians lower their gaze when greeting as a sign of respect.

In urban areas, greetings have become more casual, with younger people often adopting Western styles of interaction. However, traditional customs are more strictly observed in rural settings, and respect for hierarchy is highly valued.

Local cuisine in Malaysia

Malaysian cuisine reflects its diverse cultural heritage, with Indian, Chinese, and Malay flavours dominating. Most food will seem familiar if you come from Western countries, and perhaps the biggest hurdle to overcome will be dealing with the sheer variety available.

Newcomers should definitely try dishes like nasi lemak, often considered the national dish, or laksa, a spicy noodle soup with regional variations. Other must-try options include roti canai, a delicious Indian-influenced flatbread served with curry, and satay, skewered meat served with peanut sauce. For dessert, cendol, a refreshing shaved ice treat with coconut milk, is highly recommended.

Women in Malaysia

Women in Malaysia have to deal with a mix of traditional expectations and modern opportunities. While many women still adhere to conservative dress norms, especially in rural areas, urban settings see a broader range of attire reflecting personal choice and autonomy. The hijab is worn by many but is increasingly seen as an individual choice rather than a social mandate.

In the workplace, women face challenges like gender discrimination, limited career advancement opportunities, and a notable gender pay gap. Despite more women achieving higher education than men, their participation in the workforce remains lower. Cultural expectations around caregiving responsibilities often hinder their professional progress, making it hard to balance personal ambitions with societal norms.

Recent years have seen notable advancements in women’s rights legislation, including the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act 2022 and amendments to the Employment Act, which enhance protections for women in the workplace. Women are increasingly represented in sectors such as education and healthcare, and government initiatives are encouraging female participation in male-dominated fields like engineering and technology.

LGBTQ+ in Malaysia

Malaysia’s legal framework and social attitudes towards LGBTQ+ people are complex and often challenging. Same-sex relationships are criminalised under the federal penal code, with severe penalties, including imprisonment and even corporal punishment. Sharia law in various states imposes further restrictions on people in the LGBTQ+ community, particularly targeting those who are gender non-conforming.

Public opinion on LGBTQ+ issues in Malaysia remains largely conservative, especially in rural areas where traditional values are dominant. In cities like Kuala Lumpur, younger people and exposure to global perspectives have fostered a more accepting environment, but stigma remains.

Nevertheless, there are emerging support networks and safe spaces for the LGBTQ+ community. Groups like Justice for Sisters provide advocacy and support, while some cafés and community centres in major cities have become informal havens where like-minded individuals can connect. These safe spaces are usually discreet due to the ongoing risks of legal repercussions and potential for social backlash.

LGBTQ+ Issues in Malaysia

If you are considering moving to Malaysia, you likely have many questions about moving to Malaysia. From travel requirements and language barriers to work and schools, below are answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about expat life in Malaysia.

Is Kuala Lumpur the only place where I would be able to find employment?

Finding employment in Malaysia isn’t limited to Kuala Lumpur. While Kuala Lumpur and the greater Klang Valley are major hubs, you may also find opportunities in Johor Bahru, which is growing as an industrial and tech centre, as well as in Penang, known for its electronics and manufacturing industries.

Malacca is also gaining traction as a place for job opportunities, particularly in services and tourism. The Iskandar Malaysia region is another emerging economic zone, offering a variety of sectors for potential work.

Key industries for expat employment include information technology, finance and banking, manufacturing, healthcare, and education.

Working and Work Culture in Malaysia

What languages are spoken in Malaysia?

The Malaysian population is a mix of various ethnicities, and the main languages spoken include Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. Due to the country's history as a British colony, English is also widely spoken, particularly in urban areas and in the business world.

While English is prevalent in cities, you may find it less common in rural areas, especially among older generations.

Business Culture in Malaysia

Are there good schools in Malaysia?

Malaysia has a solid education system, and you’ll have plenty of choices for your children’s schooling. While public and private schools are options, most expats opt for international schools to bypass language barriers and other bureaucratic hurdles. 

There are well-regarded international schools across Malaysia, with notable institutions in Kuala Lumpur, Johor, and Penang. Most of these schools offer curricula like the British curriculum or the International Baccalaureate programme, providing diverse and high-quality education.

International Schools in Malaysia

Should I prepare for the climate in Malaysia?

Definitely. The tropical climate means year-round heat and high humidity, with only slight differences between winter and summer. The monsoon season has become more intense in recent years, leading to occasional flash floods, especially in certain regions like Johor and parts of Kuala Lumpur. Areas like Penang and parts of the East Coast are also more prone to flooding, particularly during the monsoon.

If you aren’t used to the heat, it’s easy to feel drained, so stay hydrated and find ways to keep cool to avoid heat exhaustion and dehydration. Be mindful of vector-borne diseases such as dengue, which is more prevalent during the wet season.

Weather and Climate in Malaysia

Do I need a bank account in Malaysia?

You’ll find having a local bank account useful, especially for day-to-day transactions. Many places still prefer cash, but with ATMs easily accessible, it’s straightforward to withdraw cash as needed. Setting up a bank account as an expat is also fairly simple, with institutions like HSBC, Citibank, and Standard Chartered providing expat-friendly services.

Other local options like CIMB, Public Bank, and Maybank are also worth considering for their widespread branches and user-friendly mobile banking apps. You’ll need documents like your passport, a valid visa, proof of address, and possibly a letter from your employer. Mobile banking is widely adopted and is a reliable way to manage finances on the go.

Banking, Money and Taxes in Malaysia

The Malaysian government is actively trying to increase the number of internet users in the country. As such, there have been large investments in fibre optic connectivity and wireless zones.

With a number of local service providers offering competitive rates, it’s easy to stay connected with your friends and family across the globe.

Text messages and phone calls within Malaysia are reasonably priced, and it’s relatively simple to set up a mobile phone or internet connection as an expat. You will also find plenty of WiFi hotspots across big cities such as Kuala Lumpur, making it convenient to stay online.

Internet in Malaysia

The internet in Malaysia has significantly improved over the past few years. While it may still be slower than you are used to in your home country, it has made great strides, especially in urban areas like Kuala Lumpur. 

The average download speed for fixed broadband is higher than 100 Mbps, which is a considerable improvement from previous years. However, outside of major cities, the infrastructure still lags behind.

Efforts are being made to enhance internet infrastructure in rural areas, with the Malaysian government aiming to provide 5G coverage to 85 percent of its rural areas by the end of 2024. Internet cafés, restaurants, and coffee shops in larger cities offer wireless internet access, making it simple to use the internet while on the move.

Popular internet service providers include TIME, Maxis, and TM Unifi, all of which offer a range of competitive plans depending on your needs. TIME is particularly known for its high-speed fibre internet options.

Read more: Renting Accommodation and Setting Up Utilities in Malaysia

Useful links

• Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC)
• TIME Internet Malaysia
• TM Unifi
• Maxis Broadband

Mobile phones in Malaysia

Mobile phones, or ‘handphones’ as they are commonly called in Malaysia, are available from a wide range of providers. You can easily use your cellphone from your home country by signing up for a local SIM card. Pre-paid and post-paid options are widely available, allowing you to choose whichever suits your needs best. Pre-paid plans offer the flexibility to top up when needed, whereas post-paid plans come with the convenience of predictable monthly bills and better deals on devices.

Mobile service providers offer competitive rates thanks to the healthy rivalry in the Malaysian market. The most prominent mobile providers include Maxis, Celcom, and DiGi. Each provider has strengths depending on where you are in Malaysia. For instance, Celcom is often noted for its reliability in remote locations, while Maxis provides excellent urban coverage.

Useful links

• Maxis Mobile Plans
• Celcom Mobile Malaysia
• Digi Telecommunications
• U Mobile

English-language media in Malaysia

English media is widely available in Malaysia. Local English-language newspapers include The Edge, Malay Mail, and New Straits Times. There are several other English newspapers and magazines available, and you can also find imported publications without much difficulty. Digital versions of these newspapers are increasingly popular, allowing you to keep up with the news wherever you are.

For up-to-date news, online platforms like Malaysiakini, The Malaysian Insight, and Free Malaysia Today offer coverage of local events, politics, and social issues in English.

Useful links

• The Edge Markets
• Malay Mail
• New Straits Times
• Malaysiakini
• Free Malaysia Today