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Bisected by the equator, Kenya offers a variety of climate types depending on altitude. Kenya's coastal climate features high humidity and consistent rainfall year-round, with temperatures ranging from 72°F to 86°F (22°C to 30°C). Inland, particularly in the highlands, the temperate climate is cooler and more moderate, with temperatures between 57°F and 82°F (14°C to 28°C). The northern and northeastern regions face high temperatures and erratic rainfall, presenting significant challenges for agriculture.
Kenya's equatorial location influences its climate, leading to minimal seasonal temperature variations and a distinct bimodal rainfall pattern due to the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This results in the characteristic long and short rains. The 'long rains' occur from March or April to May or June, bringing heavy and frequent downpours. The 'short rains' from October to December are less intense but still crucial for agriculture.
During the long rains, the landscape becomes lush and green, which is crucial for farming but sometimes leads to flooding and disruptions. The short rains, occurring in the late afternoon and at night, provide a brief respite from the dry conditions. The dry season from June to October is ideal for outdoor activities and wildlife viewing, while the rainy seasons can disrupt travel plans.