Expats travelling to Mozambique will generally be well looked after, but being aware of current safety concerns can help mitigate the risk. Crime, political tension, and terrorism are present in the country.
The local police force suffers from limited resources, staff shortages, and corruption, which can limit its operational effectiveness. Expats should remain vigilant and keep up with current affairs, in order to avoid being caught up in potentially dangerous situations.
Crime in Mozambique
Petty theft is common in Mozambique, especially in the capital, Maputo. Foreigners are often targets due to their perceived wealth. Most crimes against foreigners are non-violent and opportunistic in nature. Pickpocketing, theft of unattended possessions, and bag-snatching can occur.
Thieves often attempt to distract victims in order to give an accomplice the opportunity to take luggage or pick a victim’s pocket. People walking alone, especially at night, with bags or purses, are typical targets. Expats should take precautions by avoiding dark and secluded areas, by not wearing expensive jewellery, and by keeping smartphones and wallets out of sight.
Kidnappings can also occur in Mozambique, often with the intention of extorting a ransom from the victim’s family. 'Virtual kidnapping' has also become more prevalent. Text messages and phone calls from unknown numbers claiming to have kidnapped family members are common. Be aware of your loved one’s locations and check in frequently to avoid falling victim to virtual kidnappers.
It's also important to be vigilant on the roads. Criminals sometimes impersonate police officers to get drivers to pull over. In Mozambique, traffic officers wear white shirts and blue trousers, while regular protection police officers can be identified by their blue uniforms.
Terrorism and conflict in Mozambique
Terrorism is present in Mozambique, particularly in the northern province of Cabo Delgado. Threats primarily stem from IS-Mozambique, a group linked to Daesh (formerly Islamic State), and Al-Shabaab, a Somalian insurgent group.
The risk of civil unrest and terrorist attacks in the country has declined in recent years. However, political tension does occasionally flare up in Mozambique. It is therefore important to stay informed and keep up to date with the news. Expats should not travel to affected regions unless it is strictly necessary, and should avoid demonstrations and public gatherings.
Road safety in Mozambique
Being out and about on the roads of Mozambique, whether driving or walking, can be dangerous. The lack of street lights, stop signs, traffic signals, sidewalks and guardrails in combination with poorly surfaced and potholed roads increases the risk. Local drivers may also have little consideration for pedestrians and other road users, often speeding and disregarding the rules of the road.
During the rainy season, mud, deep puddles and flooding add to the dangers of the roads. Road surfaces and bridges frequently wash out during this time of year. Keep an eye on the weather forecast to avoid getting caught out by bad weather.
Road accidents sometimes draw large crowds that may be prone to aggressive behaviour. If this occurs, try to create some distance to the crowd and get in touch with the police and your local embassy.
Transport and Driving in Mozambique
Health safety in Mozambique
Mozambique is a malaria zone. Malarial prophylaxis is essential when travelling to the country. During summer, the threat of malaria is at its worst. Expats should take precautions against mosquitoes regardless of the season. Mosquito nets and insect repellants should be used in conjunction with preventative medicines to minimise risk.
In Mozambique, tap water is considered unsafe to drink due to the threat of bilharzia and cholera. Expats should therefore only drink boiled, treated or bottled water.
The recommended vaccinations when travelling to Mozambique include typhoid and hepatitis A.
Expat Healthcare in Mozambique
Emergency numbers in Mozambique
- Police: 112 or 119
- Ambulance: 117
- Fire: 198